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Presenting in the classroom and beyond

Presenting in the classroom and beyond. [Tufte, 2006]. Understanding follows from dividing out what’s relevant and minimizing use of jargons and excessive text (bullets). [Marshall, 2012]. Rethinking the Design of Presentation Slides. Michael Alley College of Engineering Melissa Marshall

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Presenting in the classroom and beyond

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  1. Presenting in the classroom and beyond • [Tufte, 2006]

  2. Understanding follows from dividing out what’s relevant and minimizing use of jargons and excessive text (bullets) • [Marshall, 2012]

  3. Rethinking the Designof Presentation Slides • Michael Alley • College of Engineering • Melissa Marshall • Department of Communication Arts & Sciences • [Hamaker, 2009]

  4. The defaults of PowerPoint are not based on researchin communication or cognitive psychology • Poor starting place • [Gomes, 2007]

  5. Our research has found that most slides are heavily influenced by these defaults • 40% • Too much text • [Garner et al., 2009]

  6. Our research has found that most slides are heavily influenced by these defaults • 25% • Too much text: crowded • [Garner et al., 2009]

  7. January 24, 2003 • February 1, 2003 • The past few years, this common practice of PowerPoint has received harsh criticism • January 16, 2003 • [Tufte, 2003] • [Schwartz, 2003] • [Keller, 2003]

  8. 2005 • Several recent texts have challenged the defaults of PowerPoint • 2003 • 2008

  9. We advocate an assertion–evidence slide structure that is grounded in communication research • [Fishbone, 2008]

  10. Xenon headlights illuminate signs better than halogen headlights do • Standard Halogen • Xenon • Halogen Headlight • SilverStar Ultra TM • Xenon Headlight • [Sylvania, 2008 ]

  11. The structure calls for a succinct sentence headline that states the main assertion of the slide • [Toulmin, 2002] • [Alley et al., 2006] • [Sawarynski, 2009]

  12. The small size of the mouse brain makes locating specific areas extremely difficult • [Welker, 2008]

  13. The structure also calls for supporting that sentence-assertion headline with visual evidence • [Mayer, 2001] • [Paivio, 1986] • [Brown, 2008]

  14. During growth, cells secrete waste products and macromolecules into their environment • Waste • Macromolecules • Cells

  15. The Chesapeake Bay, which is the country’s largest estuary, has only two places for traffic to cross • sha.state.md.us • [roadtraffic-technology.com] • Annapolis • Dover • Washington D.C • Richmond • [landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov]

  16. In the past 25 years, traffic has significantly increased on the Chesapeake Bay Bridge • 1961 • Traffic 1.5 million • 2007 • Traffic: 27 Million • 1952 • Traffic: 1.1 million • [Maryland Transportation Authority, 2007]

  17. At typical highway speeds, overcoming drag requires about two-thirds of a truck engine’s output [McCallen, 2004] • [LLNL, 2010] • How much power from a truck’s engine is needed to overcome aerodynamic drag? • Aerodynamic Drag • CD = 0.6 • Rolling Friction and Accessories

  18. [Alley, 2003] • [Atkinson, 2005] • A third hurdle in adopting the assertion−evidence structure is to overcome the weak defaults of PowerPoint • Template at first Google listing for “presentation slides”

  19. In summary, assertion-evidence slides are more effective than the common practice of PowerPoint • [Hamaker, 2009]

  20. Example transformations of slides from the traditional to the assertion-evidence design • Melissa Marshall • Department of Communication Arts & Sciences

  21. This presentation shows transformations of slides from the traditional to the assertion-evidence design • Before • After

  22. A First Step • Towards Automatic Verification • of PDE Code • Hans Petter Langtangen • Ola Skaghaug • Simula Research Laboratory • Oslo, Norway • Before

  23. A First Step Towards Automatic • Verification of PDE Code • Hans Petter Langtangen • Ola Skaghaug • Simula Research Laboratory • Oslo, Norway

  24. Before

  25. somewhatmanual • Python • MATLAB • automated • This presentation shows the evolution from a manual environment to one that is automated • Fortran 77 • C++ • manual

  26. Before

  27. This presentation compares methods for reducing emissions of sulfur dioxide from coal power plants

  28. Before

  29. Converting an analog signal to a digital signal requires a sampling of the signal • Hardware converts analog signal to digital • Accelerometer outputs an analog voltage • Computer samples a number of points • Data is exported to popular applications • Excel

  30. Before

  31. Validation • Verification • Is the PDE model appropriate? • Do we solve the right equations? • Are the numerical models correctly implemented? • Do we solve the right equations? • Although researchers give validation more attention, validation requires successful verification

  32. Iron • An abundant metal, makes up 5.6% of earth’s crust • Properties: • shaped, sharpened, welded • strong, durable • Accounts for >95% of metals used • Iron ores discovered in 1844 in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula • Soon found other ores in upper Wisconsin and Minnesota • Iron Ore Distribution • Before • Kesler 1994

  33. Iron Is strong and durable Can be shaped, sharpened, and welded • Iron ores make up 5.6% of the earth’s crustand account for 95% of the metals used Where is the largest concentration of iron ores in North America? • Iron ore • [www.star-bits.com] • Iron Ore Distribution • [Kesler 1994]

  34. Students learning from the transformed slide scored higher on an identical test question • Q: How abundant is iron in the earth’s crust? • Led to 59% recall • Led to 77% recall • p < 0.001 • [Alley et al.,2006]

  35. Before

  36. Although the U.S. has 5% of the world's population, we use an average of 30% of all resources • United States use of specific resources • (percentage of worldwide use)

  37. Students learning from the transformed slide scored higher on an identical test question • Q: Percentage of world’s resources that the U.S. uses? • Led to 71% correct • Led to 82% correct • p < 0.025 • [Alley et al.,2006]

  38. Before

  39. Uranium and Thorium are large “unstable” atoms break down to produce smaller atoms, heat, and radioactivity • Plates move because of convection caused by heat from decay of radioactive elements in the mantle • Ocean • [Miller, 2004]

  40. Students learning from the transformed slide scored higher on an identical test question • Q: Heat source for movement of lithospheric plates? • Led to 54% correct • Led to 86% correct • p < .001 • [Alley et al.,2006]

  41. Fossil Fuels: Who has what? • Before

  42. OPEC countries control about 75% of the world’s oil

  43. Students learning from the transformed slide scored higher on an identical test question • Q: Percentage of oil that non-OPEC countries control? • Led to 63% correct • Led to 81% correct • p < .001 • [Alley et al.,2006]

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