1 / 14

Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM)

Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM). Aka…Protein Calorie Malnutrition (PCM). Protein-Energy Malnutrition. PEM most often affects children 500 million children are malnourished Live in poverty Adults may also be affected At greatest risk are: Those living in poverty Elderly living alone

deon
Télécharger la présentation

Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Protein-Energy Malnutrition(PEM) Aka…Protein Calorie Malnutrition (PCM)

  2. Protein-Energy Malnutrition • PEM most often affects children • 500 million children are malnourished • Live in poverty • Adults may also be affected • At greatest risk are: • Those living in poverty • Elderly living alone • Addicts • Those with eating-disorders • Those with long-term illness

  3. Protein-Energy Malnutrition • Most common is Africa, Central America, South America, Middle East, SE/E Asia • Also see in US • Homeless • inner-city • rural poverty

  4. © 2008 Thomson - Wadsworth

  5. World Hunger • Food Shortages • Political turbulence and government policies may contribute to food problems. • Armed conflicts often interfere with humanitarian efforts to get food to people. • Natural disasters contribute to world hunger © 2008 Thomson - Wadsworth

  6. Types of PEM • Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) • also called protein-kcalorie malnutrition (PCM) • Classifying PEM – text version • Maramus – severe protein and calorie deficit • Kwashiorkor – moderate calorie deficit, severe protein deficit, and infection

  7. Kwashiorkor – always edema • Rapid onset, inadequate protein intake often after illness • Older infants and young children, 18 months to 2 years of age • Edema and fatty liver • Apathy, irritability, sadness • Loss of appetite • Infections linger, more common • Some muscle wasting • Growth is 60-80% weight-for-age • Loss of hair and skin pigments • Skin scaly, crackeed © 2008 Thomson - Wadsworth

  8. Marasmus – Chronic PEM • Infancy, 6 to 18 months of age • Diet inadequate to meet needs for calories, protein, essential FA….watery cereal is primary food • Small for their age, < 60% weight-for-age, develop slowly • Severe weight loss and muscle wasting, including the heart • Anxiety and apathy • Cold, no energy • Hair and skin problems as in Kwashiorkor • No edema or fatty liver

  9. Health Effects and Recommended Intakes of Protein • PEM - Infections lead to death in many cases • Lack of antibodies to fight infections • Fever • Fluid imbalances and dysentery - contributes to kwashiorkor developing, weakens immune system even more • Anemia – due to lack of hemoglobin • Heart failure and possible death – due to all of the above • Rehabilitation • Nutrition intervention must be cautious, slowly increasing protein. • Programs involving local people work better.

  10. PEM in Haiti © 2008 Thomson - Wadsworth

More Related