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Fat Finger Worries: How Older and Younger Users Physically Interact with PDAs

Fat Finger Worries: How Older and Younger Users Physically Interact with PDAs. Katie A. Siek, Yvonne Rogers, & Kay Connelly Indiana University. The population of elderly people is steadily growing. Population Ages 15-64 Compared to Global Population. Motivation. Related Work. Experiment.

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Fat Finger Worries: How Older and Younger Users Physically Interact with PDAs

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  1. Fat Finger Worries: How Older and Younger Users Physically Interact with PDAs Katie A. Siek, Yvonne Rogers, & Kay Connelly Indiana University

  2. The population of elderly people is steadily growing Population Ages 15-64 Compared to Global Population Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  3. Researchers are creating technology for older people to live independently Elderly care-giving assistant (Girlado, et al., mPCA) Cognitive aid to help the elderly (S. Carmien, MAPS) Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  4. A majority of the related work deals with PCs and mobile phones Elderly & Mobile Phones Elderly & PCs • Font size • (Bernard et al., 2001) • Input Devices • (Smith, et al. 1999; Chaparro, et al. 1999; Charness, et al. 1995; Laursen, et al. 2001) • Input Device performance • (Jacko, et al. 2003; Smith, et al. 1999; Laursen, et al. 2001) • Needs assessment • (Maguire & Osman, 2003) • Pros and Cons • (Abascal & Civit 2001) • Input recommendations • (Smith, et al., 1999; Maguire, et al., 2003) Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  5. Just to review

  6. Do vision, dexterity, and coordination effects transfer to PDAs? More specific goals: Compare performance between older and younger participants completing traditional and non-traditional tasks Study how older and younger participants physically interact with PDAs Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  7. Some of the tasks Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  8. Some of the tasks Dexterity Vision Dexterity & Coordination Dexterity & Coordination Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  9. We created two applications Icon Size Task Recorded preferred icon size, smallest viewable icon, and image preference Button Press Task Recorded errors Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  10. We used three applications that came with the PDA or scanners Voice Diary Task Voice Diary lengths: 1 sec., 5 sec., 10-15 sec. Recorded how many times it took to successfully voice record message Scanner Tasks Scanned three items: book, can, bag Recorded how many times it took to successfully scan each item Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  11. Based on the literature, we predicted… Participants of all ages can press PDA buttons Participants of all ages prefer medium size (10mm or 15mm) icons Participants can record voice messages of various lengths Participants can scan bar codes with some practice Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  12. Twenty participants volunteered for the study Younger (25-30 years old) Older (75-85 years old) • 2 women, 8 men • 9 use computers often • 3 had played with a PDA • 6 wore glasses • 5 women, 5 men • 7 use computers often • No PDA usage • All wore glasses Similar computer experience measured by the amount of applications used Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  13. Most participants did not make any mistakes for the button press task 5-Way Navigator • 16 out of 20 participants made no mistakes • All participants were confused by the 5-way navigator • Older male participants worried about “fat fingers” • PDA held in non-dominant hand • No significant performance differences (T18=0.787; p=0.442) Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  14. There were significant differences in icon preference size Older Preferred (20mm) • Significant differences between preferred (T18=3.37, p=0.002) and icon size they could actually see (T18=3.25, p=0.004) • Younger interested in how many icons can fit on a screen • Older interested in details of image • Older prefer photographs because more realistic • Older had glare problems Young Preferred Older Can See (10mm) Large PDA Icon (7.76mm) Young Can See (5.5mm) Small PDA Icon (5.29mm) Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  15. The voice recording task was an easy task for most participants • All participants recorded short message in two tries • All of the younger participants recorded the long message on the first time • Younger and older participants held the PDA differently • No performance differences (T18< 0.5, p> 0.3) Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  16. Quick review of the scanners Socket SDIO Scanner Baracoda Pen Scanner • Press PDA button • Hold light steady across barcode • Press scanner button • Run pen across barcode

  17. The socket SDIO scanning task was slightly frustrating for participants • Younger participants who practiced scanning book more, scanned bag quicker • All participants operated PDA with one hand; used thumb to press button • All participants were confused about what part of barcode to scan • No performance differences • (T18< 0.9, p> 0.8) Older more successful at scanning during first try Younger more successful at scanning during first try 4 younger and 2 older were able to scan within 3 tries Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  18. The impossible task - Baracoda Pencil scanning • Women had difficulty using the pencil because of their nails • Participants wanted to see a scanning light • Participants rested the PDA on the table and used two hands for the pencil and object being scanned 2 younger and 1 older scanned on first try Only 3 participants were able to scan chips No one successfully scanned the soda Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  19. Similar to our predictions, the key findings were… • No performancedifference in button press and voice recording task • Small differences in preferred icon size - Younger (5mm or 10mm); Older (20mm) • Older participants scanned items more, but had the same success rate Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

  20. Future Work • Increase sample size • Investigate cognitive oriented tasks • Test people with varying educational backgrounds • Test younger people outside of academia and older people in public assisted living facilities • Have participants stand or walk

  21. Implications for developing applications on PDAs • PDA applications can use current PDA buttons • Icons will have to be larger • Voice recording can be used for input • Scanners can be used given enough practice time Questions?

  22. What do we mean by fat finger problem? People have perceptions of what they can and can’t do They prove themselves wrong We did have problems with the Baracoda (more of a nail issue) Motivation Related Work Experiment Study Findings

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