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This analysis discusses the evolving role of civil society in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), presenting four theses that highlight the paradoxical relationship between civil society and non-national NGOs (NNGOs). First, civil society has become a prominent actor in SSA, despite its fragility. Second, the resurgence of civil society is significantly influenced by NNGOs. However, this influence is not wholly positive, as it can constrain and undermine genuine African civil society. Lastly, the future of civil society in SSA hinges on restructuring the relationship between NNGOs and local civil actors within the aid framework.
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Development NGOs and the State of Civil Society in Africa:Four Theses on a Paradoxical relationship • Thesis 1: Civil society has emerged as a visible space and actor in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA), even if it remains fragile • Thesis 2: The re-emergence of CS in SSA is due in a large part to the mediating role of NNGOs. • Thesis 3: The mediating role of NNGOs is not entirely benign as it also constrains, crowds out, and ultimately undermines the emergence of an African Civil Society. • Thesis 4: The Future of CS in SSA is dependent on a restructuring of NNGO-CS relations within the context of Aid.