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DIATOMS

DIATOMS. CHARACTERISTICS. Introducing me…. Characteristic # 1. Diatoms are…. the most abundant species in AQUATIC/ moist ecosystems. http://www.jm-derochette.be/images/Diatoms/Diatoms_1.jpg. Characteristic # 2. Diatoms are…. Azpeitia tabularis. Photosynthetic autotrophs. Important:

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DIATOMS

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  1. DIATOMS

  2. CHARACTERISTICS Introducing me…

  3. Characteristic # 1 Diatoms are… the most abundant species in AQUATIC/ moist ecosystems http://www.jm-derochette.be/images/Diatoms/Diatoms_1.jpg

  4. Characteristic # 2 Diatoms are… Azpeitiatabularis Photosynthetic autotrophs • Important: • Fucoxanthin http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/16036/enlarge, http://berryberryeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Photoautotrophs.jpg

  5. Characteristic # 3 Diatoms are… UNICELLULAR PROTISTS/ alga/ phytoplankton Psammodictyonpanduriforme http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_C97NrIblNPQ/TTkPj0DIgZI/AAAAAAAAB38/QYLupyEthaw/s640/Diatom007.jpg, http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/botanicalsciences/majordivisions/kingdomprotista/Protists/98258d.jpg

  6. Characteristic # 4 Diatoms are… Triceratium sp. Biddulphiatridens The most beautiful creatures on earth http://www.sciencephoto.com/image/15909/350wm/B3050211-Diatom_alga,_SEM-SPL.jpg, http://cdn.indulgy.com/78/b3/Q8/210684088788027965687KsAPSc.jpg

  7. STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS That’s What makes them beautiful!

  8. Structural Characteristic # 1 Diatoms have… • Functions: • Filtration/ Disinfection • Industry (eg. toothpastes, soap) • Gives them shape (boat-like, rod-like, disk-like, triangle-like) • Gives them color Epitheca Hypotheca Glass-like Cell walls(Frustule)with silica (siO2) Stichodiscus sp. http://www.sciencephoto.com/image/15918/530wm/B3050220-Diatom_alga,_SEM-SPL.jpg

  9. Structural Characteristic # 1 http://www.ucl.ac.uk/GeolSci/micropal/images/diat/diadiag01.gif

  10. Structural Characteristic # 2 Diatoms have… • Functions: • Photosynthesis • Primary Food Source • Vitamin D Source Chlorophyll-like plastids inside their cells http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/chlorophyll/chphyll.gif

  11. Structural Characteristic # 3 Diatoms have… • Functions: • Oil production • Floating • Oil Deposits under the ocean fuel • Storage of chemical energy from photosynthesis • Nitrogen production Oil drops made of sugar & starch and volutin inside their cells

  12. Structural Characteristic # 4 Diatoms have… • Functions: • Oxygen and Nitrogen Distribution • Exchange of materials Pores with patterns on their frustules http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_C97NrIblNPQ/TTkbPZID0nI/AAAAAAAAB4s/cyjz8FLyF_g/s640/rad_diatoms.jpg

  13. Structural Characteristic # 4 Diatoms have… • Effects: • Immobility NO cilia and flagella Aulacodiscusoregonus http://www.sciencephoto.com/image/15915/530wm/B3050217-Diatom_alga,_SEM-SPL.jpg

  14. Structural Characteristic # 5 Diatoms have… Nitzschiareinholdii Different sizes and shapes • Types: • Centric • Pennate Actinocylcussp. http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_C97NrIblNPQ/TTkiNLuvrEI/AAAAAAAAB5c/9KwK--vMrG8/s400/Diatom-2.jpg, http://www.sciencephoto.com/image/15921/530wm/B3050223-Diatom_alga,_SEM-SPL.jpg

  15. HABITAT Somewhere only they know

  16. Habitats Diatoms live in… Marine Freshwater Moist/Watery Areas http://www.allabouthappylife.com/wallpaper/widescreen_wallpapers/blue_water/blue_ocean-dsc05506.jpg, https://cmsdata.iucn.org/img/freshwater_6352.jpg

  17. Habitats Habitats Diatoms live in… NO cilia and flagella http://www.scienceclarified.com/images/uesc_04_img0211.jpg

  18. Habitats http://cornellbiochem.wikispaces.com/file/view/Picture_1.png/139679067/301x313/Picture_1.png

  19. NUTRITION MAKULAY ANG BUHAY SA SINABAWANG GULAY!

  20. Nutrition Diatoms are… PHOTOSYNTHETIC http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=__xEh1FrhLM, http://mrhartansscienceclass.pbworks.com/f/1328587105/10-20-PhotosynthesisRev-L.gif

  21. REPRODUCTION I just had… (bleep)!

  22. Asexual Reproduction The shrinking phase Cell division takes place. The two valves (epitheca and hypotheca) separate. Each valve forms an epivalve of the daughter cell while hypovalves are secreted from the parent cells. This results to one cell being the same size as the parent cell while the other is smaller. This process continues until cells reach about 30%-40% of their original size.

  23. Asexual Reproduction http://www.mbari.org/staff/conn/botany/phytoplankton/images/diatom_asexual.jpg

  24. Sexual Reproduction The growth phase • Meiotic Cell division • Formation of eggs and monoflagellated sperms in the parent cell • Fertilization • Union of egg and sperm produces auxospore • Auxospore/Zygote Formation (Growth Phase) • Splitting of the parent cell while continuing to grow • Test Secretion • End of growth phase; new parent cell develops

  25. Sexual Reproduction http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/algae/auxospores/auxospore_files/cycle_reproduction.jpg

  26. Reproductive Cycle http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Centric_diatom_life-cycle.jpg/580px-Centric_diatom_life-cycle.jpg

  27. Resting Spores The inactivity phase Skeletonemamarinoi When: Times of low nutrients and low sunlight What: Metabolically inactive spores How: Stored energy from photosynthetic products & thick and tough cell walls Where: At the bottom of the ocean http://images.sciencedaily.com/2011/03/110301111658-large.jpg

  28. ECOLOGY i was born this way!

  29. Ecological Role # 1 Primary producers http://oceansjsu.com/images/exped_ecoystems/arctic_marine_food_web_90.jpg

  30. Ecological Role # 2 Important resource • 20%-25% of the world’s carbon fixation • 40% of the world’s oxygen (in the atmosphere) • Vitamin D • 23% of primary productivity in the world • Oil/Fuel • Silicon (SiO2)

  31. Ecological Role # 3 Nutrient detector PLANKTON BLOOM – when there is an abundance of nutrients and excessive amount of sunlight in the ocean http://oceansjsu.com/images/exer8/plankt1.gif

  32. EXAMPLES I’m never changing who I am!

  33. Example # 1 Triceratiummoreirae Where: (mentioned) Southern Brazil Who: L.F. Fernandes and R.M. Sousa-Nosimann When: 2001 What: 47-61 μm; convex, tripolar valves; elevated with ocellus and rimoportula http://www.scielo.br/img/fbpe/rbbio/v61n1/a20fig6b.gif

  34. Example # 2 Lithodesmiumundulatum Where: warm, temperate seas Who: C.G. Ehrenberg When: 1839 What: 37-93 μm; marginal ridge with clear pattern of perforation; undulated sides; ‘wavy’ http://www.sciencephoto.com/image/15919/530wm/B3050221-Diatom_alga,_SEM-SPL.jpg

  35. Example # 3 Baceteriastrumdelicatulum Where: (mentioned) Mexico, Lebanon, UK, Red Sea Who: Cleve When: 1897 What: 20-40 μm; circular valves with bristles; ‘spider-like’ http://www.sciencephoto.com/image/15931/large/B3050233-Diatom_alga,_SEM-SPL.jpg

  36. Sources Becker, J. (1996). Diatom Reproduction. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute: http://www.mbari.org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/john/basics/r epro.htm Biggs, A., Kapicka, C., & Lundgren, L. (1995). Biology: The Dynamics of Life. Ohio: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill. Braby, C. E. (2001). Diatoms. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute: http://www.mbari.org/staff/conn/botany/phytoplankton/phytop lankton_diatoms.htm Braby, C. E. (2001). Diatoms Asexual Reproduction. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute: http://www.mbari.org/staff/conn/botany/phytoplankton/phytop lankton_diatom_asexual.HTM http://www.mbari.org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/scan11.jpg

  37. Sources Cuvelier, D. (2005, July 8). Bacteriastrumdelicatulum Cleve, 189. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from World Register of Marine Species: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=164108 Essenfield, B., Gontang, C., & Moore, R. (1996). Biology, 2nd Edition. US: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. Fernandes, L., & de Souza-Mosimann, R. (2005, May 22). TriceratiummoreiraeSp Nov And TriceratiumdubiumTriceratiaceaeBacillariophy. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from Biblioteca: http://biblioteca.universia.net/html_bura/ficha/params/title/triceratium-moreirae-sp-nov-and-triceratium-dubium- triceratiaceae-bacillariophyta-from/id/272002.html http://www.mbari.org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/scan11.jpg

  38. Sources Frazer, & Jennifer. (2010, March 28). Diatoms, or The Trouble With Life in Glass Houses. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from The Artful Amoeba: http://theartfulamoeba.com/2010/03/28/diatoms-or- the-trouble-with-life-in-glass-houses/ Guiry, M. (2004, October 11). Triceratiummoreirae. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from Seaweed Africa: http://www.seaweedafrica.org/search/species/detail/?species_id =140330 Guiry, M., & Guiry, G. (2002, April 23). Species Detail. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from Algaebase: http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=38 373 Kaskel, A., Hummer, P. J., & Daniel, L. (1992). Biology: An Everyday Experience. USA: Merrill Publishing Company. http://www.mbari.org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/scan11.jpg

  39. Sources Kuylenstierna, M., & Karlson, B. (2006, September 15). Lithodesmiumundulatum. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from SMHI: http://www.smhi.se/oceanografi/oce_info_data/plankton_check list/diatoms/lithodesmium_undulatum.htm Life XMU. (n.d.). Centric & Pennate template. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from Life XMU: http://life.xmu.edu.cn/diatom/diatomphoto/Centric%20diatoms /htmldir/0000008e.htm Miller, K., & Levine, J. (2008). Biology: the Dragonfly Book. US: Prentice Hall. Oktar, A. (2011, April 1). The Microscopic living being that forms the oil fields: Diatom. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from HarunYahya: http://harunyahya.com/en/works/40358/the-microscopic-living-being-that http://www.mbari.org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/scan11.jpg

  40. Sources Pece. (2011, January 20). PSYCHEDELIC DIATOMS. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from Predict Weather @ Blogspot: http://predictweather.blogspot.com/2011/01/psychedelic- diatoms.html Prescott, L. M., Harley, J., & Klein, D. (2005). Microbiology. New York: McGraw-Hill. Science Photo Library. (n.d.). Jewels of the Sea. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from Science Photo Library: http://www.sciencephoto.com/set/1277/jewels-of-the-sea Seeberg-Elverfeldt, I. A. (2004). Laminated diatomaceous sediments of the Red Sea, their composition and significance as recorders of abrupt changes in productivity and circulation during the Late Quaternary. Bremen, Germany. http://www.mbari.org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/scan11.jpg

  41. Sources Shin, J. (1999). Intro to Diatoms. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute: http://www.mbari.org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/intro a.htm * Photo sources are inserted in the slides. http://www.mbari.org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/scan11.jpg

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