Marcello A. Giorgi Università di Pisa & INFN Pisa November 27,2009 Plenary ECFA CERN

1. The status of Project Marcello A. GiorgiUniversitàdi Pisa & INFN Pisa November 27,2009 Plenary ECFA CERN Marcello A. Giorgi

2. SuperB is a project sustained by an international collaboration aiming at a regional project: the construction of a very high luminosity (1036 cm-2 s-1) asymmetric e+e- Super Flavor Factory, with location, inside or near the INFN Frascati National Laboratory. A Conceptual Design Report, signed by 85 Institutions was published in March 2007 (arXiv:0709.0451 [hep-ex]) A TDR is now under construction to be ready by end 2010. An Intermediate Document ( White Paper) in the next few months. SuperB: a ≥1036cm-2s-1 e+ e- collider Marcello A. Giorgi

3. Previous presentations of the Project Manchester(‘07) : Lisbon (March’08) : CERN (Nov’08): • 320 Signatures • About 85 institutions • 174 Babar members • 65 non Babar. REPORT BASED ON CDR Some Highlight on Physics Program Quick update on Detector Accelerator : preliminary results from test on SuperB concepts in DaFne upgrade at LNF. Quick update on Physics Program and Detector Accelerator test results Update on Process and Organization for TDR Marcello A. Giorgi

4. To New Physics BSM with Super Flavor Factories • The factories program complementary to LHC and LHCb. The optimum is the global approach : • Direct evidence: Energy frontier (look for peaks) • Indirect : Flavor (look for rare or forbidden processes) Quark Sector (b,c) Lepton Sector (LFV in charged leptons, CPV in t, g-2,neutrinos) EDM Astroparticle and non accelerator Physics Marcello A. Giorgi

5. To New Physics BSM with Super Flavor Factories • The factories program complementary to LHC and LHCb. The optimum is the global approach : • Direct evidence: Energy frontier (look for peaks) • Indirect : Flavor (look for rare or forbidden processes) Quark Sector (b,c) [Golden modes B→t n and B→s g] Lepton Sector (LFV in charged leptons, CPV in t, g-2,neutrinos) EDM Astroparticle and non accelerator Physics Accessible to Factories Marcello A. Giorgi

6. CKM precision measurements 1 ab-1 50 ab-1 Marcello A. Giorgi

7. B Physics @ Y(4S) Charm mixing and CP Charm FCNC t Physics Bs Physics @ Y(5S) Marcello A. Giorgi

8. Br(Bd K n n) – Z penguins and right hand current today h SM Only theo. errors e If these quantities are measured @ <~10% deviations from the SM can be observed ~[20-40] ab-1 are needed for observation>>50ab-1 for precise measurement Marcello A. Giorgi

9. CP Violation in charm from mixing NOW Marcello A. Giorgi

10. CP Violation in charm from mixing NOW SuperB Marcello A. Giorgi

11. Charm Charm events at threshold are very clean: pure DD, no additional fragmentation High signal/bkg ratio: optimal for decays with neutrinos. Quantum Coherence: new and alternative CP violation measurement wrt to (4S). Unique opportunity to measure D0-D0 relative phase. Increased statistics is not an advantage running at threshold: cross-section 3x wrt 10GeV but luminosity 10x smaller. SuperB lumi at 4 GeV = 1035 cm-2s-1 produces ~109 DD pairs per month of running. (using Cleo-c cross-section measurement [s(e+e-D0D0)~3.6 nb ] +[ s(e+e-D+D-)~2.8 nb] ~ 6.4 nb) Super tau-charm could well study mixing and CP violation direct/indirect , but not in time dependent analysis as done in in B factories. Time-dependent measurements at 4 GeV only possible at SuperB to extract weak Phase thanks to the improved time measurement and to the option of running at charm threshold. Marcello A. Giorgi

12. PARAMETER REQUIREMENTS FROM PHYSICS Marcello A. Giorgi

13. SuperB parameter list (updated July 2009) Marcello A. Giorgi

14. Machine concept : (Crab Waist in 3 Steps) • Large Piwinski’s angle F = tg(q)sz/sx • Vertical beta comparable with overlap area bysx/q • Crab waist transformation y = xy’/(2q) 1. P.Raimondi, 2° SuperB Workshop, March 2006 2. P.Raimondi, D.Shatilov, M.Zobov, physics/0702033 Marcello A. Giorgi

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18. SuperB Site independent now also @ LNF Polarization included Marcello A. Giorgi

19. SuperB Site independent now also @ LNF Collider hall Polarization included Damping ring Marcello A. Giorgi

20. SuperB Site independent now also @ LNF 5.8 m Collider hall Polarization included Damping ring Marcello A. Giorgi

21. Collider Hall (12x30m) Electrical Substation upgradable up to 2x63MVA transformers area for cooling towers 2 “SLAC type buildings” (20x35m) housing 6 klystrons each plus magnet power supplies Existing Building Guesthouse Marcello A. Giorgi

22. Geological Survey Marcello A. Giorgi

23. Measurements made by a team of : LAPP Annecy, LNF and PisaVIRGO Marcello A. Giorgi

24. SuperB expected LUMI >80ab-1 after 6 years With 7th year integrated Luminosity can grow at rate of 40 ÷ 60ab-1/year Marcello A. Giorgi

25. Background Issue : sources Collimators, dynamic aperture and energy acceptance optimization solve the problem of Touschek Background in LER radiativeBhabha dominant effect on lifetime Two colliding beams : e+e- e+e- production  important source for SVT layer-0 synchrotron radiation  strictly connected to IR design Single beam :Touschek  negligible in BaBar, important in SuperB beam-gas intra-beam scattering Marcello A. Giorgi

26. Beam Strahlung • Single shared QD0 (conventional design):the beam lines are displaced w.r.t. the quadrupole magnetic axis. The off-energy particles are diverted into the vacuum chamber producing bkg. • Double QD0 (Siam Twins Quadrupoles):the beam lines are tilted w.r.t. the quadrupole magnetic axis. Only the softer particles produces bkg. (smaller rate, easier shielding) Double QD0 for HER & LER CDR: QD0 shared by HER & LER Mike Sullivan Marcello A. Giorgi Mike Sullivan

27. Sim. 2D External Coil Field Left Coil Field External coil Right Left Right Coil Field Total Field QD0: Siam Twin Design Simona Bettoni • Iron Free SC quadrupole: 120 T/m (HER) 52 T/m (LER) Eugenio Paoloni • The desired linear fields are produced by the superposition of the inner and outer fields of the coils determined in 2D in algebraic way. • 3D Finite elements analysis (Tosca) shows good field quality (Sextupole less than 10-4 w.r.t. the quadrupole @ r = 1 cm to be further optimized) • Challenging design: Prototype construction will start in 2010 Marcello A. Giorgi

28. 7.3 mbarn Pair Production No Beam Pipe : CDR • The detector solenoidal field is the main trap to keep low pt particles away from the detector • Geant 4 simulation to predict the rate on Layer0 in progress • Preliminary : 7.8 MHz/Cm2 crossings in L0 (300mm Si) Dominant Feynman graph Generator level predictions Geant4 Sim SuperB L0 at 13 mm & Beam pipe at 10 mm (1mm Be 5 mm Au) gamma gamma e+ e- gamma Beam pipe Track rate (Hz/cm2) SVT Layer 0 Marcello A. Giorgi Riccardo Cenci SVT Layer 0 radius (cm)

29. ½ MIP 12.8 mm 1.1mm DETECTOR: SVT- Layer0 R&D Status SLIM 5 Testbeam @ CERN (Sept 2008) Successfully tested two options for L0 • CMOS MAPS matrix with fast readout architecture (4096 pixels, 50x50 mm pitch, sparsification and timestamp) • Hit efficiency up to 92% with room for improvement • Intrisinc resolution ~ 14 mm compatible with digital readout. • Thin (200 mm) striplets module with FSSR2 readout chips • S/N=25, Efficiency > 98% • First demostration of LVL1 capability with silicon tracker information sent to Associative Memories MAPS Hit Efficiency vs threshold 90% • Developed a light L0 module support with cooling microchannel integrated in the Carbon Fiber support: • Total support thickness = 0.35 % X0 • Consistent with the requirements • TFD Lab ready in Pisa • First thermoidraulic measurements in good agreement with simulation and within specs. Carbon Fiber Support with 3 channels Marcello A. Giorgi

30. DETECTOR: Particle Identification • Hadronic PID system essential for P(p,K)>0.7GeV/c (use dE/dx for p<0.7GeV/c) • Baseline is to reuse BaBar DIRC barrel-only design • Excellent performance to 4GeV/c • Robust operation, Elegant mechanical support • Photon detectors outside field region • Radiation hard fused silica radiators • Photon detector replacement • Baseline: Use pixelated fast PMTs with a smaller SOB to improve background performance by x50-100 with identical PID performance Marcello A. Giorgi

31. DETECTOR: Forw/Back PID option • Extending PID coverage to the forward and backward regions has been considered • Possibly useful, although the physics case needs to be established quantitatively • Serious interference with other systems • Material in front of the EMC • Needs space • cause displacement of front face of EMC • Technologies • Aerogel-based focusing RICH • Working device • Requires significant space (15 cm) and thickness (about 28%X0) • Time of flight • Need about 10ps resolution to be competitive with focusing RICH • 15-20ps already achieved. Marcello A. Giorgi

32. DETECTOR: The electromagnetic calorimeter • BaBar Barrel 5760 CsI(Tl) Crystals Essential detector to measure energy and direction of g and e, discriminate between e and p, and detect neutral hadrons • Barrel • BaBar barrel crystals not suffering signs of radiation damage. They’re sufficiently fast and radiation hard for SuperB needs • They can be reused. (Would have been) most expensive detector component • Background dominated by radiative Bhabhas. IR shielding design is crucial • Endcaps • Best possible hermiticity important for key physics measurements • New forward endcap • backward endcap is an option Marcello A. Giorgi

33. DETECTOR: Forward and backward EMC • Forward endcap • BaBar CsI(Tl) endcap inadequate for higher rates and radiation dose of SuperB • Need finer granularity • Faster crystals and readout electronics • comparable total X0 • Option 1: LYSO crystals • frees 10cm for a forw. PID system • radiation hard, fast, small Moliere radius, good light yield • expensive at the moment, although reduction possible • Option 2: retain 3 outer rings of CsI(Tl), LYSO the others • less expensive • no space for forw. PID system • Backward endcap (option) • Pb plates and scintillating tiles with fiber readout to SiPMs Marcello A. Giorgi

34. DETECTOR: The Instrumented Flux Return • Provides discrimination between m and p±. Help detection and direction measurement of KL(together with EMC) • Composed by 1 hexagonal barrel + 2 endcaps as in BaBar • Add absorber w.r.t. BaBar to improve p/m separation. Amount and distribution to be optimized • 7-8 absorber layers • reuse of BaBar IFR iron under evaluation • Use extruded scintillator a la MINOS coupled to geiger mode APDs through WLS fibers • expected hit rates of O(100) Hz/cm2d • single layer or double coord. layout depending onthe x-y resolution needs Marcello A. Giorgi

35. Detector simulation • Fast simulation • Parametrized, for evaluating physics impact of detector choice • Full simulation (Bruno) • GEANT4 full description, for background effect evaluation Marcello A. Giorgi

36. Detector Geometry Working Group Group setup to quantify the impact of several detector options/parameters, including: Strategy: study the impact of detector options on a set of key measurements work started on these channels + tmg Golden mode for a given scenario Non-golden, but still sensitive to deviations from the SM requires high precision on CKM parameters (obtainable with SuperB) + “Breco”: reconstruction of flavour-tagging B decays is crucial ingredient for SuperB physics program -CKM: + possibly include channel at Psi(3770) Marcello A. Giorgi forward PID device between DCH and EMC backward EM calorimeter SVT/DCH transition radius, internal geometry of SVT amount and distribution of absorber in IFR Effects of energy asymmetry.

37. Detector configurations examples of simulated detector schemes Main tool: fast simulation generate/simulate/reconstruct physics events analysis tools inherited from BaBar bg=0.280 IFR solenoid EMC DIRC bwd EMC DCH 30cm space estimate for DCH electronics fwd PID SVT Marcello A. Giorgi

38. Computing • FastSim: used for physics studies Marcello A. Giorgi

39. Process: Before 2009 Marcello A. Giorgi

40. Process: Reviews • Since 2007 the Project: Physics motivation and Machine Design have been revewed by several International committees: • CDR (Physics and concepts) by • IRC (J.Dainton Chair) • ECFA appointed committee (T.Nakada Chair) • Machine (design , progress and organization for future steps) by • Mini-Mac (J.Dorfan Chair) • No one has identified any showstopper preventing the accomplishment of the project. • From J. Dorfan report of MINI MAC April 24,2009 • …. “Mini-MAC now feels secure in enthusiastically encouraging the SuperB design team to proceed to the TDR phase, with confidence that the design parameters are achievable” • SuperB is now in TDR phase with commitment: • TDR delivery end 2010 • Shorter White Paper end 2009 Marcello A. Giorgi

41. Process: 2009 The President of INFN has presented the SuperB as a regional project in the European Strategy session of Cern Council. End July 2009- The Italian Minister of Science has presented the SuperB proposal for funding to the Economic Ministers Committee (CIPE) Marcello A. Giorgi

42. Process: 2009 The President of INFN has presented the SuperB as a regional project in the European Strategy session of Cern Council. End July 2009- The Italian Minister of Science has presented the SuperB proposal for funding to the Economic Ministers Committee (CIPE) Marcello A. Giorgi

43. Process: 2009 The President of INFN has presented the SuperB as a regional project in the European Strategy session of Cern Council. End July 2009- The Italian Minister of Science has presented the SuperB proposal for funding to the Economic Ministers Committee (CIPE) Wait decision about funding!! Marcello A. Giorgi

44. END Marcello A. Giorgi