Youth Meat Quality Assurance… Pennsylvania’s Commitment to Quality

1. Youth Meat Quality Assurance…Pennsylvania’s Commitment to Quality

2. Meat Animal Quality Assurance Program Partners PA Beef Council PA Cattlemen’s Association PA Farm Show Commission PA Livestock Association PA Pork Producers PA Sheep and Wool Growers Penn State University

4. Purpose of the MQA Program • Will make you aware of your responsibilities as a livestock producer. • Give you a better understanding of the production practices that relate to Meat Quality Assurance. • Assist you in providing a residue-safe product.

5. Food and Drug Administration Regulates medicated animal feed and most health products Approves products and sets tolerance levels for antimicrobials Sets tolerance levels for pesticides used in pork production Current Regulatory Agencies • Food Safety and Inspection Service • Inspects hogs in packing plants • Examines plant sanitation • Approves plant sanitation

6. HACCP and Food Safety Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points • A system used in meat packing plants to prevent food safety problems • Regulated by the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)

7. HACCP and Food Safety Hazards can be identified as: Microbial contamination Chemical hazards • Antimicrobial and chemical tissue residues Physical hazards • Broken needles or metal

8. HACCP and Food Safety • Identify hazards • Find critical points in the process • Establish critical limits for each critical control point • Monitor • Take corrective action if monitoring shows there are deviations outside the limits of a critical control point • Keep records on each critical control point • Verify that the HACCP plan is working correctly.

9. Where do I fit into HACCP ? • The livestock producer’s responsibility is to supply the packer with animals that are free from drug and chemical residues and physical hazards such as broken needles. We must also be aware of withdrawal times because a packer can’t hold an animal once delivered to the plant. Packer Producers Consumers

10. Youth members with livestock projects can do this by using the MQA program to: • Know it is their job to provide a safe, wholesome food product to consumers. • Understand how to follow the labels carefully for every feed additive, medicine, or product used. • Develop a close working relationship with your veterinarian.

11. Identify and Track allTreated Animals Good Production Practice 1

12. Methods of Animal Identification • Identify all medicated animals in some way. • Identification possibilities:- Tattoo - Tag- Brand - Ear Notch- Electronic ID - Leg band

13. Optional Learning Lab # 1

14. Maintain Medication andTreatment Records Good Production Practice 2

15. Do Your Records: • Identify the animal(s) treated? • Specify the date(s) of treatment? • Name the drug(s) administered? • Method of administration? • Include who administered the drug(s)?

16. Do Your Records: • Give the amount administered? • Show the withdrawal time prior to slaughter? • Record the Location of the Injection • Did You Write the Information on Your Medication and Treatment Record?

17. Project Medication Plan • Do you have routine vaccination practices? • Do you use medication to help prevent disease during times when you know your animals will be under stress of mixing or shipping?

18. Project Medication Records • You should keep written medication records for AT LEAST 12 MONTHS following marketing of the medicated livestock. • The Medication and Treatment Record in your Project Record Book is the ideal place to maintain this information.

19. Optional Record Keeping Exercise Available to the verifier at http://pqa.porkboard.org/youth/activities.asp?id=2

20. Properly Store, Label and Account for All Drug Products andMedicated Feeds Good Production Practice 3

21. Knowledge of the InformationFound on the Drug Label • Read the label. • Follow the label. • Pay close attention to withdrawal time, dosage rates, diseases treated, species and expiration dates. • Avoid contamination of drugs.

22. Storage, Handling and Disposal • Identify those products that require refrigeration. • Do not store medication in syringes. • Dispose of used syringes and needles properly. - Special bags - Sharps containers - Secure Plastic Container - Collected as a bio-hazardous materials

23. Storage, Handling and Disposal • Control Temperature of Medication According to Label Instructions • Avoid Prolonged Exposure to Sun light • Store leftover medications properly.

24. Obtain and Use Only Veterinarian Prescription Drugs Based on aValid Veterinarian/Client/Patient Relationship Good Production Practice 4

25. An Appropriate VCPR will Exist When: • The veterinarian has assumed the responsibility for making medical judgements regarding the health of your project(s) animal(s) and the need for medical treatment, and the caretaker has agreed to follow the instructions of the veterinarian.

26. An Appropriate VCPR will Exist When: • There is sufficient knowledge of the project(s) by the veterinarian to initiate at least a general or preliminary diagnosis of the medical condition of the animal(s).

27. An Appropriate VCPR will Exist When: • The practicing veterinarian is readily available for follow-up in case of adverse reactions or failure of the regimen of therapy.

28. Food & Drug AdministrationFDA • The Government Agency Responsible for Approval and Regulation of: - Animal Products - Guidelines for the Use of Animal Products.

29. Use Only FDA Approved Drugs • OTC (over-the counter)- does not require a prescription. • Rx (prescription)- can only be used by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.

30. Factors That Determine if a Drug Can Be Obtained Over The Counter • What is the Effect of Overdose • The Product Does Not Require a Prescription. • Does it Have a Large Margin of Safety • Is the Product Safe to Handle

31. Extra-Label Use • Refers to using an animal drug in a manner not in accordance with the approved drug labeling. • Remember, “extra-label” usage can only be practiced under a valid VCPR.

32. The Following Constitutes “Extra-Label” Use: • Increasing the dosage • Changing the frequency • Changing the route of administration • Changing the duration of treatment • Changing the disease to be treated • Changing the animal species to be treated

33. Optional Learning Lab # 2

34. Proper Administration Techniques and Withdrawal Times Good Production Practice 5

35. Types of Delivery Systems • In the muscle (intramuscular - IM)- Use a spot on the neck.- Never inject in the stifle or loin area.- Use the proper needle size.

38. Types of Delivery Systems • Under the skin (subcutaneous - SQ)- Inject only into clean, dry areas.- Use a fold of skin on the neck (Tent).- Use the flap of skin in the elbow or flank. • In the abdominal cavity (intraperitoneal - IP)- Should be used only upon veterinary instructions and guidance as serious injury to the animal can occur.

39. Types of Delivery Systems • In the vein (intravenous - IV)- Should be used only upon veterinary instructions and guidance as serious injury to the animal can occur. • In the nasal passages (intranasal - IN)- Nasal exposure allows for immediate product absorption.

40. Types of Delivery Systems • Oral Application • Topical Application • Drinking Water Application • Feed Additive Application

41. Prevent Broken Needles! • Never straighten and re-use a bent needle. • When needles bend, the steel weakens. • The second bend could cause the needle to break off inside the animal. • Consumers don’t want to find a needle on their dinner plate!

42. Optional Learning Lab # 3

43. Sanitation is Essential • Wipe off the top of vaccine bottles before inserting needles. • Don’t put the needles you’re using to vaccinate back into the vaccine bottle. • Change needles every 10 to 15 uses. • Discard any needle with a bend or burr. • Use a clean injection site. • Properly dispose of bottles and other packaging.

46. Use Drug Residue TestingWhen Appropriate Good Production Practice 6

47. Drug Residue Testing Residue screening shall be performed under the supervision of a veterinarian. The results of such testing will determine the appropriateness for releasing for shipment but cannot be used to shorten the labeled withdrawal time.

48. Optional Learning Lab # 4

49. Establish an Efficient and Effective Health Management Program Good Production Practice 7

50. A Healthy Project • Preventing a disease is cheaper than treating it. • Many health problems can be controlled by management. • Veterinarian/Client/Patient relationship • Review production and financial records.