Cabling and Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless Networks Scott D. Thompson President

1. Cabling and Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless Networks Scott D. Thompson President Oberon, Inc. Task Group Member TIA-1179 Healthcare Facility Cabling Standard Senior Member, IEEE Link-Up 10-13-2010

2. Effective November 1, 2010, BICSI recognizes Cabling and Infrastructure for Wireless Networks Part I training for the following BICSI Continuing Education Credits (CECs). “Note: Recognition of BICSI CECs does not mean that BICSI endorses, accredits, approves, or sanctions a course in any way. CECs are assigned based upon represented course content only and are not the result of an in-depth evaluation of instructional quality” Link-Up 10-13-2010

3. Oberon manufactures ceiling and wall mounted Tele- communications Enclosures (TEs) for wireless LAN access points, DAS equipment, multimedia gateways and other networking components Wireless AP enclosure Workspace Telecom Enclosures Link-Up 10-13-2010

4. AGENDA PART 1 December 5 2012 • Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi) and Cellular (DAS) • Wireless networking design basics • Cabling for wireless networks • Installing and mounting the access points • PART 2 January 16 2013 • Wireless in Healthcare & Hospitals • Cabling for IEEE 802.11n and 802.11ac wireless access points • Emerging applications- wireless projectors, Multimedia gateways, etc. Link-Up 10-13-2010

5. Growth in Global Mobile Data IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Bandwidth Assessment Ad Hoc and Cisco 2010 visual networking index Link-Up 10-13-2010

6. Wireless LAN (WiFi), Cellular (DAS), and Public Safety Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi™) • Uses unlicensed spectrum at 2.4 and 5 GHz • Network interface is standards based IEEE 802.3 Ethernet on category twisted pair cabling • Usually engages “Wi-Fi™ Certified” products • Generally paid for and operated by the network owner Link-Up 10-13-2010

7. Wireless LAN (WiFi), Cellular (DAS), and Public Safety Distributed Antenna System (DAS) and Public Safety • Uses licensed spectrum at 400 (PS), 700 (4G), 800, 850, 900, 1800, 1900, 2100 MHz. Owned by mobile service provider • Network interface may be proprietary waveform over twisted pair, optical, or coaxial medium • Paid for by the network owner, mobile service provider, property owner, third party neutral host or combination Link-Up 10-13-2010

8. Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi), Cellular (DAS), and Public Safety Infrastructure differences between Wi-Fi and Cellular • Cabling, coverage, capacity, reliability, and backup requirements will be different • Propagation and antenna placement is different • Although the infrastructure may be different, cost savings may be realized by simultaneous design and installation Link-Up 10-13-2010

9. Wireless LAN (WiFi), Cellular (DAS), and Public Safety Trends • Cellular spectrum is very limited! • Spectrum re-use will help stretch capabilities • In-building DAS and micro-cellular systems reduce loading on the outdoor macro-cellular mobile network • Off-load traffic from cellular network to wireless LAN • The solution is a combination of micro-cellular networks and off-loading to Wi-Fi- both require in-building cabling Link-Up 10-13-2010

10. Wireless Networking Design Basics • Requirements gathering • Define the client devices to be used • Define the applications to be used • Define the coverage area and density of users • Document initial assumptions, AP configs, antennas used in survey, cable lengths, etc. Link-Up 10-13-2010

11. Wireless Networking Design Basics • Perform a site survey • Set the access point transmit power level to the same level as your critical client devices • http://transition.fcc.gov/oet/ea/fccid/ • Identify the fringe based on minimum Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) or Signal to Noise ratio (SNR). Typically in the -75 to -60 dBm range • Remember that different client devices may receive different signal levels based on client antenna styles Link-Up 10-13-2010

12. Wireless Networking Design Basics Link-Up 10-13-2010

13. Link-Up 10-13-2010

14. Wireless Networking Design Basics • Engage 802.11n access points – cabled infrastructure should support 1 gigabit interfaces • Prepare for 802.11ac • Engage WMM (wireless multimedia) for QoS • Exploit the 5 GHz band (21 non-overlapping channels, versus 3 non-overlapping channels at 2.4 GHz) • Implementation should closely match the survey Link-Up 10-13-2010

15. Wireless Networking Design Basics 3 channel Plan at 2.4 GHz 11 1 6 1 11 6 1 1 11 6 Link-Up 10-13-2010

16. Wireless Networking Design Basics 3 channel Plan at 2.4 GHz Plus, 21 channel 5GHz overlay 120 108 116 136 52 104 36 132 112 56 44 140 40 128 48 60 124 64 100 Link-Up 10-13-2010

17. CABLING FOR WIRELESS Link-Up 10-13-2010

18. TSB-162 –Guidelines for Wireless Telecommunications Systems Bulletin TSB-162 Telecommunications Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points (APs) Provides guidelines on the topology, design, installation, and testing of cabling infrastructure for supporting wireless local area networks (WLANs) Link-Up 10-13-2010

19. TSB-162 Guidelines for Wireless TSB-162 states that cabling (for wireless access points) should be installed and performance tested per existing 568-B.2 standards. (Now 568-C.2) Determination of exact cell size and placement of the wireless access point (WAP) is outside the scope of the TSB (recommends perform a site survey or simulation) Link-Up 10-13-2010

20. TSB-162 Pre-Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points 5,540 sq.ft. circular cell AP Lmax=13 m (42 ft) Hmax=81 m (265 ft) TR TO TO r=13m (42 ft) Patch=6m (20 ft) EQUIPMENT (switch) Equipment in the Telecom Room TO X=18.3 m (60 ft) TO TO 3,600 sq.ft. square cell Meeting room Link-Up 10-13-2010

21. TSB-162 Pre-Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points Link-Up 10-13-2010

22. TSB-162 Cabling Guidelines • for Wireless Access Points • Accepts an in-the-grid ceiling mount, with antenna un-obstructed by ceiling tiles • Accepts wall mount above or below suspended ceiling. AC power must be in an approved enclosure above the ceiling • Telecommunications Enclosures (TEs) can be mounted in a ceiling panel to provide locked security or aesthetics for APs • Consider maintenance and security of APs • Observe separation of power and network cabling • Local power or PoE acceptable (end span or mid span) • Horizontal should be terminated at E.O., then patch to AP Link-Up 10-13-2010

23. INSTALLING ACCESS POINTS Link-Up 10-13-2010

24. Installing access points and DAS remotes • Method 1: Above the ceiling • Method 2: Attach to ceiling grid • Method 3: In a ceiling enclosure or locking mount • Method 4: On the wall • Outdoors Link-Up 10-13-2010

25. Preferred installation orientation AP on the ceiling grid AP above drop ceiling AP in enclosure AP on the wall Link-Up 10-13-2010

26. Method 1: Above the ceiling- things to avoid Cracked ceiling tile A lot of metal “Poke thru” antenna Link-Up 10-13-2010

27. Method 1: Above the ceiling • Equipment should be UL 2043 “Plenum rated” • Use a hanger sturdy enough for AP, use a support wire Support Wire Oberon P/N 1045-00 above-ceiling hanger Link-Up 10-13-2010

28. Method 2: On the Ceiling Grid • Avoid lifting ceiling tile • Minimize hole in tile • Conceal cable • Lock AP Link-Up 10-13-2010

29. Method 3: Install access point in a ceiling Enclosure or locking mount Oberon Model 1052-00 Ceiling enclosure with Antennas mounted on door Link-Up 10-13-2010

30. Method 3: Install access point in a ceiling enclosure or locking mount Link-Up 10-13-2010 Model 1052-00 Model 1072-00

31. Method 3: Install access point in a ceiling enclosure or locking mount Model 1057-00 Model 1052-AP135 Model 1052-WA Model 1052-3510 Model 1059-00 Model 1052-CCOAP Link-Up 10-13-2010

32. Method 4: Install access point on the wall Link-Up 10-13-2010

33. Method 4: Install access point on the wall Right Angle Bracket Surface mount lock box Recess Wall Mounts Model 1029-00 Model 1030-00 Model 1032-00 Link-Up 10-13-2010

34. Outdoors: Use a NEMA 4 or NEMA 4X enclosure • Power dissipation of access points is low, so ventilation is not required. • Select an AP with extended temperature range. De-rate AP accordingly when in enclosure • App Note on de-rating AP in enclosure at • http://www.oberonwireless.com/additional-resources.php • Keep enclosure out of direct sunlight • Avoid large metal walls Link-Up 10-13-2010

35. Outdoors: Use a NEMA 4 or NEMA 4X enclosure Model 1024-00 wall and mast mount Model 1020-PS under seating Link-Up 10-13-2010

36. Why use a wireless access point enclosure? • Enclosures provide physical security, and protect the AP from tampering, accidental moves, disconnects, damage and obstructions, thereby preserving the integrity of the site survey. • Enclosures serve as a convenient place to terminate and conceal data and antenna cables. Cable certification can be performed by the installer “to the enclosure”, and the access point can be installed thereafter. • Enclosures can improve the aesthetics or appearance of the installation. The ceiling is the ideal location for antennas. • Code or directive compliance. For example in Healthcare environments, ceiling enclosures provide easy access to the AP for moves, adds, & changes without exposing the air handling (plenum) space, simplifying infection control Link-Up 10-13-2010

37. END OF PART I • PART 2 January 16 2013, 1:00 p.m. • Wireless in Healthcare • Cabling for IEEE 802.11n and 802.11ac wireless access points • Emerging applications- wireless projectors, multimedia gateways, etc. Scott D. Thompson sdt@oberonwireless.com www.oberonwireless.com Link-Up 10-13-2010