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Year 9: Acids and Bases

Year 9: Acids and Bases. Arrhenius Acids and Bases. Acids produce H + in aqueous solutions water HCl H + (aq) + Cl - (aq) Bases produce OH - in aqueous solutions water NaOH Na + (aq) + OH - (aq). Acids. Produce H + (as H 3 O + ) ions in water

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Year 9: Acids and Bases

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  1. Year 9: Acids and Bases

  2. Arrhenius Acids and Bases • Acids produce H+ in aqueous solutions water HCl H+(aq) + Cl- (aq) • Bases produce OH- in aqueous solutions water NaOH Na+(aq) + OH- (aq)

  3. Acids • Produce H+ (as H3O+) ions in water • Produce a negative ion (-) too • Taste sour • Corrode metals • React with bases to form salts and water

  4. Bases • Produce OH- ions in water • Taste bitter, chalky • Are electrolytes • Feel soapy, slippery • React with acids to form salts and water

  5. Some Common Acids HCl hydrochloric acid HNO3 nitric acid H3PO4 phosphoric acid H2SO4 sulphuric acid CH3COOH ethanoic acid

  6. questions Give the names of the following A. HBr (aq) 1. bromic acid 2. bromous acid 3. hydrobromic acid B. H2CO3 1. carbonic acid 2. hydrocarbonic acid 3. carbonous acid

  7. Solution AB3 A. HBr 3. hydrobromic acid The name of a nonoxy acid begins with the prefix hydro- and ends with -ic acid. In a nonoxy acid, the negative anion end in -ide. B.H2CO3 1. carbonic acid The name of an oxyacid is named with the stem of the anion (carbonate) changed to -ic acid

  8. Some Common Bases NaOH sodium hydroxide KOH potassium hydroxide Ba(OH)2 ________________________ Mg(OH)2________________________ Al(OH)3 aluminum hydroxide

  9. Questions Match the formulas with the names: A. ___ HNO31)hydrochloric acid B. ___ Ca(OH)2 2) sulphuric acid C. ___ H2SO4 3) sodium hydroxide D. ___ HCl 4) nitric acid E. ___ NaOH 5) calcium hydroxide

  10. Solution AB4 Match the formulas with the names: A. _4__ HNO21)hydrochloric acid B. _5__ Ca(OH)2 2) sulfuric acid C. _2__ H2SO4 3) sodium hydroxide D. _1__ HCl 4) nitrous acid E. _3__ NaOH 5) calcium hydroxide

  11. Learning Check AB5 Acid, Base Name or Salt CaCl2 ______ _________________ KOH ______ _________________ Ba(OH)2 ______ _________________ HBr ______ _________________ H2SO4 ______ __________________

  12. Solution AB5 Acid, Base Name or Salt CaCl2 salt calcium chloride KOH base potassiuim hydroxide Ba(OH)2 base barium hydroxide HBr acid hydrobromic acid H2SO4 acid sulphuric acid

  13. Common reactions of acids Acids react:- • With indicators giving distinctive colours • With bases to form a salt and water • With active metals to form hydrogen • With carbonates to form a salt, water and carbon dioxide

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