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Android architecture overview

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Android architecture overview. Android. A software stack for mobile devices developed and managed by Open Handset Alliance Free software under Apache License. Android. Key Applications. Middleware. Operating System (Linux Kernel 2.6). OHA (Open Handset Alliance).

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Android architecture overview

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  1. Android architecture overview CS300

  2. Android • A software stack for mobile devices developed and managed by Open Handset Alliance • Free software under Apache License Android Key Applications Middleware Operating System (Linux Kernel 2.6) CS300

  3. OHA (Open Handset Alliance) • A business alliance consisting of 47 companies to develop open standards for mobile devices CS300

  4. Android Software Stack CS300

  5. Android Software Stack– Linux Kernel • Relying on Linux Kernel 2.6 for core system services • Memory and Process Management • Network Stack • Driver Model • Security • Providing an abstraction layer between the hardware and the rest of the softwarestack CS300

  6. Android Software Stack- Runtime • Core Libraries • Providing most of the functionality available in the core libraries of the Java language • APIs • Data Structures • Utilities • File Access • Network Access • Graphics • Etc CS300

  7. Android Software Stack – Runtime (Cont) • Dalvik Virtual Machine • Providing environment on which every Android application runs • Each Android application runs in its own process, with its own instance of the Dalvik VM. • Dalvik has been written so that a device can run multiple VMs efficiently. • Register-based virtual machine CS300

  8. Android Software Stack – Runtime (Cont) • Dalvik Virtual Machine (Cont) • Executing the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format • .dex format is optimized for minimal memory footprint. • Compilation • Relying on the Linux Kernel for: • Threading • Low-level memory management CS300

  9. Android Software Stack - Libraries • Including a set of C/C++ libraries used by components of the Android system • Exposed to developers through the Android application framework CS300

  10. Android Software Stack – App Framework • Enabling and simplifying the reuse of components • Developers have full access to the same framework APIs used by the core applications. • Users are allowed to replace components. CS300

  11. Android Software Stack – App Framework (Cont) • Features CS300

  12. Android Software Stack - Application • Android provides a set of core applications: • Email Client • SMS Program • Calendar • Maps • Browser • Contacts • Etc. • All applications are written using the Java language. CS300

  13. Reference • North Carolina State University: Android Real Time Systems, http://code.google.com/edu/submissions/ncsu-rts/ CS300

  14. Your first Android app Hello Android! CS300

  15. Types of Android apps • Foreground: application that is effectively suspended when it is not visible • Background: spends most of its lifetime hidden • Intermittent: some interactivity, but most work done on background • Widget: home screen app CS300

  16. Understanding: Hello Android • Activity: base class for visual, interactive components of your app CS300

  17. Understanding: Hello Android • View: visual components, visual interface CS300

  18. Understanding: Hello Android • Resources: stored in res • Drawable, • layout, and • values CS300

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