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Mesoamerica: Late Postclassic Sites; ANTH 325; Fall 2013

Mesoamerica: Late Postclassic Sites; ANTH 325; Fall 2013. A map of the layout of the archaeological site of Tula, Hidalgo. Tula Panorama. Columns in the form of Toltec warriors in Tula. Tarascan or Purépecha state rivaled Aztec empire in territory.

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Mesoamerica: Late Postclassic Sites; ANTH 325; Fall 2013

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  1. Mesoamerica: Late Postclassic Sites;ANTH 325; Fall 2013

  2. A map of the layout of the archaeological site of Tula, Hidalgo

  3. Tula Panorama

  4. Columns in the form of Toltec warriors in Tula

  5. Tarascanor Purépecha state rivaled Aztec empire in territory. • Tzintzuntzanwas capital with 35,000 people. • Aztec attempts to conquer Tarascans were met with stiff resistance, well-trained military and forts along their borders. • Produced copper, bronze, and gold objects.

  6. Oaxaca had the Post Classic town of Mitla. Intricate mosaic veneer on facades of buildings and murals. A Zapotec religious center.

  7. Yucatan Peninsula Chichén Itza: dominant Maya center during early Postclassic - A.D.1000 Toltec period of Chichén Itza: A.D.1000 - 1250.

  8. Mayapan dominated Yucatan from 1200 to 1441. Mayapan was walled because militarism characterized Post Classic Yucatan. A densely settled, and highly nucleated urban center Maintained strong ties with much of the Maya lowlands. Strong military, iconographic, and trading connections with Mexican highlands Downfall due to violent internal attacks by members of the Xiu lineage. Last Yucatecan center that was able to dominate the peninsula. Sea-based commerce which circled the Yucatan from Honduras to Gulf coast.

  9. Utatlán: The highland Maya experienced warfare, migration and social upheaval with cities located on defensible ridge-tops or plateaus surrounded with walls. 14th and 15th century Quiche capital of Utatlán.

  10. 1) Aztec City States, Ethnic Groups, and Polities 2) “Aztec” refers to Nahuatl-speaking peoples of highland Central Mexico. Aztec-people from Aztlan, “White Land”, a mythical place to the NW. 3) Mexica, an ethnic group-people from Metzliapán, “Moon Lake” their name for Lake Texcoco.

  11. 5) Mexica, Acolhua, Tepanec, and Tlahuica are ethnic groups, all of who speak Nahuatl 6) In 1428, Aztecs established alliance of three polities; a) Tenochtitlán (Mexica), b) Texcoco (Acolhua), and c) Tlacopan (dissident Tepanec polity).

  12. 2) Tenochtitlán’s site where eagle seated on a cactus eating a snake was spotted. 3) Population of around 200,000 people. 4) Great marketplace of Tlatelolco was attended by over 60,000 people daily. 5) Chinampas produced 7 crops per year and provided over half of the basic food needs of Tenochtitlán.

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