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Evolution of Evolutionary Thought

Evolution of Evolutionary Thought. SB5a. Trace the history of the theory. SB5d. Relate natural selection to changes in organisms. Jean Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829). Theory of evolution in 1809 (before Darwin) Two Ideas about Evolution:

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Evolution of Evolutionary Thought

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  1. Evolution of Evolutionary Thought SB5a. Trace the history of the theory. SB5d. Relate natural selection to changes in organisms.

  2. Jean Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829) • Theory of evolution in 1809 (before Darwin) • Two Ideas about Evolution: • Use & Disuse- if you don’t use a part, you lose it. The parts you use the most get stronger. • Inheritance of Acquired Traits- the characteristics acquired by an organism during its lifespan are passed onto its offspring. • Does an organism “acquire” characteristics? • NO… an organism is BORN with characteristics they don’t grow them during a lifespan. • Ex: A giraffe’s neck grows longer to reach higher leaves. • Older idea- no longer accepted

  3. Alfred Russell Wallace(1823-1913) • Wrote Darwin letters that prompted Darwin to finish his book- had same basic ideas as Darwin. • Did his research on Malay Archipelago • Sometimes called “Father of Biogeography” • Verified Darwin’s ideas on “struggle for existence”

  4. Charles Darwin(1809-1882) • Naturalist on HMS Beagle for 4 years. • Collected many fossils and animal species from Africa and South America. • Most famous research done on Galapagos Islands off coast of S. America. • Did not publish until 20 years after his return • Was completing research and collecting evidence. • Published Origin of Speciesin 1859- book that described natural selection & evolution.

  5. Origin of the Species Had 2 points • Descent with modification- • Most organisms are descended from a common ancestor • History of life is like a tree, with multiple branch’s from a common trunk.

  6. 2. Natural Selection • Individuals within a population vary in their traits. • More offspring are produced than can survive. Many will get eaten or will not be able to compete for resources. • There is competition for limited resources that creates a struggle for existence. • Individuals with advantageous traits will survive and reproduce. Those with bad traits will die, taking those bad traits with them. (Survival of the Fittest)

  7. Kettlewell’s Peppered Moth Experiment

  8. What is EVOLUTION? Evolution is the gradual change in a POPULATION over a long period of time. Natural Selection leads to EVOLUTION.

  9. Galapagos Tortoises The saddleback tortoise lives on an island with little vegetation, high branches, no grasses. Shell is taller and has neck notch so can reach food sources higher up. The dome tortoise lives on an island with lots of vegetation, low hanging branches, and grasses. Shell is flatter and no neck notch.

  10. Pete and Rosemary Grant researched ground finches in Galapagos during the 1970’s and 1980’s. Write a paragraph that describes how the finch populations changed over time. Look back at Darwin’s four postulates for help.

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