Japanese Internment and the Holocaust

1. Japanese Internment and the Holocaust

2. Italians, Germans, and Japanese faced discrimination • After the attack on Pearl Harbor anyone who had immigrated from an Axis Nation faced discrimination • They had to register with the federal government. • All three groups had to leave the West Coast in the Winter of 1942

3. Internment • Because of Pearl Harbor and fierce fighting by the Japanese (ex Bataan Death March), the Japanese faced much harsher treatment than the Germans or the Italians. • President Franklin D. Roosevelt authorized the internment of Japanese with Executive Order 9066, issued February 19, 1942. • 110,000 Japanese American citizens and Japanese immigrants who lived along the Pacific coast of the United States were forced to sell their property and evacuate to "War Relocation Camps." The Japanese would remain in these internment camps until the end of the war. • In 1988, Congress passed and President Ronald Reagan signed legislation that apologized for the internment on behalf of the U.S. government. The legislation said that government actions were based on "race prejudice, war hysteria, and a failure of political leadership".The U.S. government eventually disbursed more than $1.6 billion in reparations to Japanese Americans who had been interned and their heirs.

4. “ Tagged for evacuation” Salinas, CA May, 1942 Barracks at Minidoka Japanese Internment Camp in Idaho

5. Korematsu v. the United States • (1944) Upheld the decision by the United States government wartime policy of removing Japanese Americans and putting them in camps. • Korematsu's conviction for evading internment was overturned on November 10, 1983

6. The Systematic Murder of 6 million Jews and 5 million other “undesirables” Included Communists, Socialists, Homosexuals, Trade Unionists, Czechs, Poles, and Gypsies The Holocaust

7. 1935 Laws that took away Jewish people’s basic human rights. Denied German Citizenship to Jews Banned marriage between Jews and Non-Jews Segregated Jews in German Society with Star of David patches, Jewish papers to be carried at all times, and eventually Jewish ghettos The Nuremberg Laws A teacher explains racial definitions according to Nuremberg Laws Jews wearing identifying patches Jews being herded into Jewish ghetto

8. November 9,1938 Attacks on Jewish people and property throughout Nazi controlled Territory. Kristallnacht

9. Concentration Camps • First Concentration camps were built, starting in 1933 to “rehabilitate” people and turn them into productive members of the 3rd Reich. • As the Jewish ghettos were emptied throughout Europe, Jews were shipped to these concentration/work camps…

10. Germany started their plan to exterminate the Jews in Death Camps in 1942. Built mostly in Poland The effort was really turned up around mid 1943, as the tide against Germany began to turn 6,000,000+ Jews died Hitler’s “Final Solution” 1942

11. Anti-Semitism was a large problem in the United States, and many other parts of the “civilized” world... Where are they going to go? Before WW2 most Americans did not want Jewish Refugees to come into their country. No one could have predicted the enormity of the Holocaust. Why didn’t more Jews Flee to the US or elsewhere??