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Myer Siemiatycki LSP Conference 29 October 2008. Canada: Immigration Nation. The Secret of Canada’s Success in An Age of Migration. How Can Diverse Immigrant-Receiving Societies Foster Social Cohesion & Harmony? Inclusive, Accessible Common Institutions
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Myer Siemiatycki LSP Conference 29 October 2008 Canada: Immigration Nation
The Secret of Canada’s Successin An Age of Migration • How Can Diverse Immigrant-Receiving Societies Foster Social Cohesion & Harmony? • Inclusive, Accessible Common Institutions • Librairies, Schools, Medicare, Citizenship, Newcomer Programs = Nation-Building in an Age of Migration.
Key Immigration Facts About Canada • 2006 Census is Most Recent, Comprehensive Snapshot of Canadian Population • Canada is Among the World’s Leading Immigrant-Receiving Countries • Definition: “An Immigrant is someone who was born outside of Canada and has been granted the right to live permanently in the country.” • Many foreign-born residents in Canada are NOT included in the immigrant count: temporary migrants, foreign students, non-status residents • Canada: ‘A Nation of Immigrants’ • 19.8% of Population Were Foreign-Born in 2006: 6,186,950 • Highest % in 75 Years • Australia = 22.2% • US = 12.5% • Europe = Under 10%
Foreign-born Source: Statistics Canada Immigration in Canada: A Portrait of the Foreign-born Population, 2006 Census
How Do Immigrants Enter Canada? • 3 Doorways • Economic (or Independent Class): 60% • Family Class: 30% • Refugee Class: 10% • Recent Rise in Temporary Admissions • 2007 Economic Class: 131,248 • 2007 Temporary Foreign Workers: 165,198
Who Are Canada’s Recent Immigrants? • 58.3%: Asia (Including Middle East) • 16.1%: Europe • 10.8%: Central & South America, Caribbean • 10.6%: Africa
Counties of Origin, 1967-2006 Rank 1967 1977 1987 1997 2006 1 UK62,420 UK17,997 Hong Kong16,170 Hong Kong 22,250 China33,080 2 Italy30,055 US12,888 India 9692 India19,615 India30,753 3 US19,038 Hong Kong6371 UK8547 China18,526 Philippines 17,717 4 Germany (W)11,779 Philippines6232 US7967 Taiwan13,324 Pakistan12,332 5 Greece10,650 India5555 Philippines7343 Pakistan11,239 US10,943 6 France10,122 Lebanon 3847 Poland7036 Philippines10,872 Iran7073 7 Portugal9500 Portugal3579 Guyana 6073 Iran7486 UK6542 8 China6409 Italy3411 Portugal 5977 Sri Lanka5071 Korea (S) 6178 9 Australia4967 South Africa 2458 Vietnam5668 US5030 Colombia5813 10 India3966 Germany (W) 2254 Jamaica 5422 UK4657 France4915 Top 10 countries 168,906 64,592 79,895 118,070 135,346 Other countries 53,970 50,322 72,203 97,968 116,303 Total 222,876 114,914 152,098 216,038 251,649
Where do Immigrants Settle: Provincial Distribution • 54.9%: Ontario (38.5% Cdn Pop) • 18.1%: B.C. (13%) • 13.8%: Quebec (23.8%) • 8.5%: Alberta (10.4%) • 2.4%: Manitoba (3.6%) • >1%: Nfld, PEI, NS, NB, Sask.
What Urban Areas Do Immigrants Settle In? • Canada has 33 Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) • CMAs = 77.5% Canadian Population. • In 2006, 94.9% of all Immigrants lived in a CMA • 3,891,800 Immigrants (62.9% of total) Live in Toronto (37.5% all immigrants), Vancouver (13.4%) & Montreal (12%) CMAs.
Which Cities (Municipalities) have most Immigrants? Recent Im 01-06 • Markham: 56.5% 7.3% • Mississauga: 51.6% 11.2% • Richmond Hill: 51.5% 7.5% • Toronto: 49.9% 10.8% • Brampton: 47.8% 10% • Vaughan: 44.9% 4.6% • Hamilton: 25.3% 3.2%
Number & % of Non-Citizen Immigrants in Selected Municipalities • City Number % City Pop • Ottawa 42,555 5.3% • Toronto 380,135 15.4% • Brampton 64,505 15% • Mississauga 94,305 14.2% • Markham 27,140 10.4% • R. Hill 15,240 9.4% • Hamilton 30,065 6%