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Neurotransmitters and synapses

Neurotransmitters and synapses. IB Biology Jin Young Huh. Excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Two main types of synapses: Excitatory synapses Inhibitory synapses. Excitatory synapses. The neurotransmitter is released by the presynaptic neuron

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Neurotransmitters and synapses

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  1. Neurotransmitters and synapses IB Biology Jin Young Huh

  2. Excitatory and inhibitory synapses • Two main types of synapses: • Excitatory synapses • Inhibitory synapses

  3. Excitatory synapses • The neurotransmitter is released by the presynaptic neuron • The neuron causes sodium ions or other positively charged ions to enter the postsynaptic neuron • Depolarize neuron and cause an action potential • Postsynaptic transmission- excited (stimulated)

  4. Inhibitory synapses • Neurotransmitter causes negatively charged chloride ions to move into the postsynaptic neuron • Increase its polarization (hyperpolarization) • Postsynaptic transmission- inhibited

  5. Decision- making in the CNS • Synapses are the sites at which decisions are made • A rapid sequence of pulses of neurotransmitter is needed

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