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Competency 035 Life Science

Samantha House Jessica Roddy. Competency 035 Life Science. Asexual and Sexual Reproduction. Living things reproduce in two ways: sexually and asexually. Asexual reproduction occurs in simpler species when ONE organism produces offspring.

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Competency 035 Life Science

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  1. Samantha House Jessica Roddy Competency 035Life Science

  2. Asexual and Sexual Reproduction • Living things reproduce in two ways: sexually and asexually. • Asexual reproduction occurs in simpler species when ONE organism produces offspring. • Sexual reproduction occurs with male and female organisms and enhances variation in the genetic diversity, which enhances the long term survival of the species.

  3. DNA Structure • A nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in the cell and is capable of self-replication and synthesis of RNA. DNA consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine. The sequence of nucleotides determines individual hereditary characteristics.

  4. Meiosis • Genetics. The process of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in reproductive cells from diploid to haploid, leading to the production of gametes in animals and spores in plants. • Rhetorical understatement.

  5. Mitosis • The process in cell division by which the nucleus divides, typically consisting of four stages, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, and normally resulting in two new nuclei, each of which contains a complete copy of the parental chromosomes. Also called karyokinesis. • The entire process of cell division including division of the nucleus and the cytoplasm.

  6. Dominant • Exercising the most influence or control. • Most prominent, as in position; ascendant. • Genetics. Of, relating to, or being an allele that produces the same phenotypic effect whether inherited with a homozygous or heterozygous allele. • Ecology. Of, relating to, or being a species that is most characteristic of an ecological community and usually determines the presence, abundance, and type of other species. • Music. Relating to or based on the fifth tone of a diatonic scale.

  7. Recessive • Tending to go backward or recede. • Genetics. Of, relating to, or designating an allele that does not produce a characteristic effect when present with a dominant allele. • Of or relating to a trait that is expressed only when the determining allele is present in the homozygous condition.

  8. The presence of hair on the middle section of the fingers (H) is a dominant trait in humans. Two parents with this dominant trait have children. Some of the children have this trait, and some children do not. Which of the following Punnett square shows the genotypes of the parents and children in the family?

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