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Everglades

Everglades. By: Briana Betress. Location. Southern tip of Florida, from Lake Okeechobee southward to the Florida Bay Has an area of 34,000 –km 2 About half of the area has been lost to agriculture/urbanization. History. 1841-1856 US forces explored the everglades to drive out the Seminoles

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Everglades

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  1. Everglades By: Briana Betress

  2. Location • Southern tip of Florida, from Lake Okeechobee southward to the Florida Bay • Has an area of 34,000 –km2 • About half of the area has been lost to agriculture/urbanization

  3. History • 1841-1856 US forces explored the everglades to drive out the Seminoles • 1850 the Swamp and Overflow Act turned over the area to the government • 1881-1905 a series of canals were dug • The now drained area was found to be very fertile and suitable for agriculture

  4. Some Facts • Sometimes called the River of Grass • Everglades National Park covers 20% of the original land • Water is used for Miami’s water supply as well as other surrounding regions • There are several small outlets including Miami River, New River, and Shark River • It has a subtropical climate with annual rhythms of drought, flood, and fire • Only place in the world where alligators and crocodiles exist together

  5. Flora Scorpion's Tail Beggarticks False Foxglove Fireflag Climbing aster Sixangle Foldwing

  6. Flora II Wetland Fireflag, Arrowroot Fireflag Mahogany Sawgrass Willow Spike Rush White Fragrant Water Lily

  7. Fauna West Indian Manatee Brown Pelican Great Blue Heron White-tailed Deer Black-necked Stilt Florida Panther Racoon Great Egret

  8. Fauna II Everglades Crayfish Dragonfly Flagfish Green Tree Frog Southern Cricket Frog American Alligator Everglades Ratsnake Florida Cooter

  9. Threats • Water Control • Drainage canals • Pumping stations • Introduced, Exotic, and Invasive Species • Mayan Cichlid, Melaleuca tree, Burmese Python • Development • Urbanization, Agriculture, Industry • Drought • Fires

  10. Introduced, Exotics, and Invasives Burmese Python Melaleuca Tree Water Hyacinth Mayan Cichlid Brazilian Holly

  11. Problems Conservation • 90-95% wading bird population reduction • 68 plant and animal species endangered or threatened • 1.5 million acres infested with invasive and exotic species • 1.7 billion gallons of discharge into the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico • Saltwater intrusion • Over 1 million acres under health advisories for mercury • Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) • It will take more than 30 years and $7.8 billion dollars • The plan is to capture discharged water before going to ocean and reroute it, first, to deficient areas and then agricultural areas.

  12. Any Questions?

  13. References • http://evergladesplan.org/about • http://www.sfwmd.gov/org/wrp/wrp_evg/2_wrp_evg_info/photos_exotic.html • Mitsch W. and Gosselink J. Wetlands. 2000 John Wiley & Sons Inc.

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