Our System of Politics

1. Our System of Politics Lecture 1 for 148.205 by Peter Lineham

2. What this course covers Politics from 1891 to today Includes economics, international relations, interest groups and parties Work consists of chapter precis, essay and MMP exercise (40%) Lectures 9-10 Tuesdays & Thursdays, tutorial follows (choose either day) Co-Ordinator Prof Howe (starts 26 August) & Assoc Professor Peter Lineham

3. The Westminster Model The Crown The House of Lords The House of Commons The Church of England The Civil Service The Judiciary Reforms in the system from 1832

4. The beginnings of New Zealand politics Elections from 14 July 1853 Parliament first sat May 1854 Six provinces established Responsible government from 1856 No parties, rather �Continuous Ministry� Provinces abolished in 1876

5. System of Elections 37 MPs in 1854 Public voting system at first, only for property owning males Secret ballot from 1869 Property franchise lowered 1879 �One man, one vote�, 1889 1890 election introduced party politics; 1893 introduced women

6. Central Government Government moved to Wellington in 1865 Parliament Building erected in 1876, burnt down in 1907 tho the General Assembly Library erected 1898 remains.

7. Parliament Legislative Council of 15-54 members House of Representatives 95 members in 1880s, then 74 members from 1889 Country Quota from 1889 of 28% Parliament dominated by runholders � �squattocracy� forming �Continuous Ministry�

8. The Governor Appointed by the Monarch on the advice of British ministers Name checked in New Zealand after 1892 Acted on advice of his New Zealand ministers

9. Civil Government Administration began with Executive Council and British Army Cabinet Civilian government included administration of laws Local government from 1850s Post Office (picture)

10. The issues facing 19th century governments Race relations: how far to give, how far to coerce � and how to satisfy Britain Development: How bold or how cautious in the face of economic uncertainty and need for population Regional or Central � where the focus lay � regions were stronger until 1870

11. Economic issues in the Eighties Depression in the southern economy Departure of many migrants Maritime Strike, August-Oct 1890 Royal Commission on Sweated Labour 1890

12. Politics in the 1880s Emergence of a �Liberal� approach linked to Grey, Sir Robert Stout and John Balance Stout-Vogel Ministry 1884-7 Continuous Ministry returned as �Scarecrow Ministry� 1887-1891 Ballance led the opposition with regional support in Canterbury

13. Sir George Grey 1812-1898 Governor of South Australia 1840-45 then of New Zealand 1845-53 then of Cape Colony Returned to Kawau Island 1870s Fought abolition of provinces 1874-6 Radical PM 1877-79 Scholar, writer

14. Sir Robert Stout 1844-1930 Shetland Scot, lawyer, debater, freethinker MP for Dunedin Interested in radicalism especially land reform Minister for Grey, became leading liberal but defeated 1887 Ended up as Chief Justice

15. Sir Harry Atkinson 1831-1892 Richmonds and Atkinsons to Taranaki 1847-53 Farmer, provincial council, anti-Maori MP from 1872, Minister from 1874, PM 1877, 1883-4, 1887-91 Colonial treasurer, cautious and yet original