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Understanding Interaction Paradigms in Human-Computer Interaction

This lecture explores the evolving paradigms of human-computer interaction, highlighting significant shifts from batch processing to ubiquitous computing. It delves into different interaction models, such as time-sharing, networking, and direct manipulation, and examines the impact of new technologies on user experiences. Key concepts include personal computing, agent-based interfaces, and the importance of metaphors in teaching computing. The lecture aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the historical context and future directions in the field of HCI.

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Understanding Interaction Paradigms in Human-Computer Interaction

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  1. Lecture 3 Human Computer Interaction Engr. Sanaullah Manzoor CS&IT, Lahore Leads University sanaullahmanzoor1988@gmail.com https://sites.google.com/site/engrsanaullahmanzoor/home

  2. Contents • Paradigms of interaction

  3. PARADIGMS OF INTERACTION

  4. Paradigms of interaction New computing technologies arrive, creating a new perception of the human—computer relationship.

  5. The initial paradigm • Batch processing Batch processing is the execution of a series of programs or "jobs" on a computer without manual intervention. Impersonal computing

  6. Example Paradigm Shifts • Batch processing • Time-sharing Interactive computing

  7. @#$% ! ??? Example Paradigm Shifts • Batch processing • Timesharing • Networking Community computing

  8. Example Paradigm Shifts • Batch processing • Timesharing • Networking • Graphical displays Move this file here, and copy this to there. C…P… filename dot star… or was it R…M? % foo.bar ABORT dumby!!! Direct manipulation

  9. Example Paradigm Shifts • Batch processing • Timesharing • Networking • Graphical display • Microprocessor Personal computing

  10. Example Paradigm Shifts • Batch processing • Timesharing • Networking • Graphical display • Microprocessor • WWW Global information

  11. A symbiosis of physical and electronic worlds in service of everyday activities. Example Paradigm Shifts • Batch processing • Timesharing • Networking • Graphical display • Microprocessor • WWW • Ubiquitous Computing

  12. Time-sharing • 1940s and 1950s – explosive technological growth • single computer supporting multiple users

  13. Video Display Units • more suitable medium than paper • computers for visualizing and manipulating data • one person's contribution could drastically change the history of computing

  14. Programming toolkits • The right programming toolkit provides building blocks to producing complex interactive systems

  15. Personal computing • 1970s – Papert's LOGO language for simple graphics programming by children • A system is more powerful as it becomes easier to user • Future of computing in small, powerful machines dedicated to the individual • Kay at Xerox PARC – the Dynabook as the ultimate personal computer

  16. Metaphor • Relating computing to other real-world activity is effective teaching technique • LOGO's turtle dragging its tail • file management on an office desktop • word processing as typing • financial analysis on spreadsheets • virtual reality – user inside the metaphor

  17. The World Wide Web • Hypertext, as originally realized, was a closed system • Simple, universal protocols (e.g. HTTP) and mark-up languages (e.g. HTML) made publishing and accessing easy • Critical mass of users lead to a complete transformation of our information economy.

  18. Agent-based Interfaces • Original interfaces • Commands given to computer • Language-based • Direct Manipulation/WIMP ( WIMP stands for "windows, icons, menus, pointer", ) • Commands performed on “world” representation • Action based • Agents - return to language by instilling proactivity and “intelligence” in command processor • Avatars, natural language processing

  19. WhatisUbiquitous Computing • Ubiquitous computing  is a concept in software engineering and computer science where computing is made to appear anytime and everywhere.

  20. WhatisUbiquitous Computing • In contrast to desktop computing, ubiquitous computing can occur using any device, in any location, and in any format. A user interacts with the computer, which can exist in many different forms, including laptop computers, tablets and terminals.

  21. WhatisUbiquitous Computing The underlying technologies to support ubiquitous computing include Internet, advanced middleware, operating system, mobile code, sensors, microprocessors, new I/O and user interfaces, networks, mobile protocols, location and positioning and new materials.

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