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Snow

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Snow

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  1. Concentration Variability of Anthropogenic Halocarbons and Applications as Internal Reference in Volatile Organic Compound Measurements Snow

  2. CFC in our life

  3. Catalytic pathway of CFCs

  4. Ozone hole http://www.wretch.cc/blog/nomore2408/6554075

  5. Montreal Protocol • 1987 加拿大簽訂「蒙特婁破壞臭氧層物質管制議定書」 • 管制CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CFC-114, CFC-115 • 1990 第二次締約國會議 • 擴大列管物質,增列CCl4、CH3CCl3 等物質,並提前於 2000年全面禁用CFCs • 1992 第四次締約國會議 • 提前於1996年全面禁產CFCs

  6. Measurement data CFC-113 CCl4 http://agage.eas.gatech.edu/data.htm

  7. Application • 校正採樣體積 • 校正稀釋比例 • 作為自身內標 Quality Control

  8. Experimental Section

  9. Sampling • 1998, Spatial • 1996, Temporal Urban Sampling area Coastal • Source • Background Industrial Coastal

  10. Instrument FID ECD Uncoated

  11. Results & Discussion

  12. Chromatograms – DB-1 • ECD • FID

  13. Time series study

  14. Simultaneous study 5:00 & 5:30 A.M. 5:30 & 6:00 P.M.

  15. Concentration distribution of halocarbons • Electronic industrial park N= 25

  16. Concentration distribution of halocarbons • Coasline N= 65

  17. Mixing ratios

  18. Conclusion