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Adapting to Changing Climates: Can Organisms Keep Up?

Explore how plants and animals respond to climate change by going extinct, evolving, or migrating to suitable habitats. Learn about the velocity of temperature change and the challenges species face in adapting to new environmental conditions.

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Adapting to Changing Climates: Can Organisms Keep Up?

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  1. Changing climate: Can plants and animals keep up?

  2. As climate changes, organisms may: • Go extinct • Evolve adaptation to the new environmental conditions • Move to environments they are already adapted to

  3. As climate changes, organisms may: • Go extinct • Evolve adaptation to the new environmental conditions • Move to environments they are already adapted to

  4. How fast must organisms move to keep up with changing climate?

  5. Surface Temperature versus Elevation

  6. Relatively modest displacements in space = relatively large changes in temperature

  7. Changing temperature in California. SR Loarieet al. Nature462, 1052-1055 (2009) doi:10.1038/nature08649

  8. The velocity of temperature change globally. Different emissions scenarios SR Loarieet al. Nature462, 1052-1055 (2009) doi:10.1038/nature08649

  9. The velocity of temperature change by biome. Third highest velocity

  10. Land-cover change results in formidable barriers to species movement. Thus, keeping pace with climate change is more feasible in protected areas where landscapes may be less fragmented Organ Pipe National Monument

  11. Climate residence time (yr) in protected areas. Residence time = Diameter of area/ velocity (km/km yr -1) Residence time = Diameter of area/ velocity (km/km yr -1) = time for current climate to cross area Ninth highest residence time

  12. Velocities and residence times for climate and not species • 29% of the globe with velocities > 1 km/year • Trees were thought to have moved about 1 km/year after the last glacial maximum • Most plants and animals move much slower than 1 km/year • We understand very little…

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