FP7 Specific Programme « People » Policies and Marie Curie Actions Dr. Barbara Rhode

1. FP7 Specific Programme « People » Policies and Marie Curie Actions Dr. Barbara Rhode Adviser to the Director of Directorate T Directorate General Research

2. The Research Framework Programme of the EU • I am from the Directorate General for Research of the European Union (EU) • The EU is funding a Framework Programme for Research • this programme is open for the collaboration with scientists of the entire world

3. People programme = Marie Curie Actions • We are now in the 7th Framework Programme (FP7) from 2007 -2013 • Under FP7 I am adviser to the People Programme • The ‘People Programme’ is continuing the EU mobility fellowship programmes for researchers, widely known under the name of the Marie Curie Actions.

4. FP7 – Specific Programmes Cooperation – Collaborative research Ideas – Frontier Research People – Human Potential Capacities – Research Capacity + JRC (non-nuclear) JRC (nuclear) Euratom

5. 4 parts of the presentation • I. Philosophy • II. Statistics • III. The Marie Curie Actions • IV. Policy support actions

6. I. Philosophy

7. Policy background: the EU • The European Union is an inter-governmental organisations of sovereign states in Europe. • 50 years ago (1957) 6 countries ( France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg) decided to cooperate on common policies,- • The formerly European Economic Communities (EEC) were established for the mutual benefit of these countries and to overcome former conflicts. • The EEC advanced and matured and became in 1992 the EU. • Today the EU has binding legislative power over the national policies and it has a common budget.

8. In the past 18 years the EU has extended its Membership from • 12 EU Member States in 1990 to • 27 EU Member States in 2007 • The Members of the European Union today are very well known countries in Europe: • Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, The Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain , Sweden, United Kingdom

9. Networking in Europe • The aim of the EU is not only to create an integrated “Single Market” with all 27 Member States • but in the field of science and technology it aims to create the “European Research Area” • This means • overcoming national fragmentation • and connecting and • integrating the different research landscapes of the Member States.

10. Attraction of the FP Our financial instrument to fund research is the • EU Research Framework Programme (FP) Its also very attractive for other ambitious research countries. Therefore other European countries that are not Members of the EU • have associated themselves to the FP. • Their governments pay into the FP in relation to their GDP • …and their researchers have to gain these funds back by excellence.

11. The ERA partner countries Therefore In addition to the 27 EU Member States the following 11 countries are associated to the FP: • Turkey, Croatia, ( candidate countries) • the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), Serbia, Albania and Montenegro • Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein (EFTA countries) • Israel

12. The “European Research Area” (ERA) • Altogether, there is now • a potential of 38 European countries that collaborate in in the field of science and technology. • Countries have to compete with more partners than just inside their countries. • The EU’s political ambition is to cluster the research potential and advance quicker in science and technology. • To make our scientist wide open for collaboration, equip them with best knowledge, and also work on global problems

13. The funding instrument is the Research Framework Programme (FP) • In the EU the FP is a growing budget of now approx. 50 Billion € for 7 years. • This is adding approximately 5% to the entire sum already spend in Europe on Research and Technological Development (RTD) • This means it is in addition to what • the Member States and • companies spend in S&T on the national level.

14. Transfer of EU experience to the international science community • Integrating 27 + 10 countries to achieve ERA, • the EU now hasa long experience in networking between researchers and institutions of different European countries, • This is now applied to the international dimension of the FP

15. The role of the “Marie Curie” fellowship Programme • In the past 12 years the “Marie Curie Fellowship Programme” has been a very important instrument to connect • experienced • as well as young researchers • research Institutes and • Research organisation within ERA.

16. Mobility and brain drain • National authorities recognise that • Mobility of researchers contains the possibility that outgoing researcher never return, • and that they become “a brain drain”, • In principle this is no good news for policy maker, having invested in a person

17. under FP7 - New philosophy • Advanced countries however, need to provide excellent training for their research communities. • In our philosophy there is no excellent career today without mobility. Therefore: • From the traditional negative consideration of calculating the “brain drain” versus “brain gain” • We acknowledge of the fact that any excellent science career today has to be international – • “brain circulation or “brain exchange” is necessary to breed best and excellent science careers.

18. Argumentsfor the international dimension of MC • Transition from a “Mobility” programme • to an active “career development” programme acquiring additional qualifications and targeted trainings through international mobility. • Lay the foundation of future joint research projects • Any mobility grant is based on research project and best and promising institutes working in similar fields should be connected • Important to build relations and link institutes

19. In the frame of the PEOPLE programme:“Marie Curie Actions” To date: • Successful and well known • Important international dimension • The programme exists now for more than 10 years • Since FP5 a specific international component • The volume has been constantly increasing With FP7 • Duplication of the budget from FP6: • Budget of € 4,75 billion, i.e. • From €430 million in 2007 • to €900 million in 2013

20. Guiding principles for the FP7People Programme– (Marie Curie Actions) 4,7 Billion € in FP7 for 7 years • Guiding Principles: • Continuity of FP6, • with focus on structuring impact • increased private sector participation • Strengthened international dimension • Balanced gender objective, also reintegration • No thematic priorities

21. Nobel Prize Physics 1903 and Chemistry 1911

22. The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007"for the discovery of Giant Magneto resistance Peter Grünberg Albert Fert Forschungszentrum Jülich Unité Mixte de Physique Jülich, Germany CNRS/THALES Orsay, France

23. 4 parts of the presentation • I. Philosophy • II. Statistics • III. The Marie Curie Actions • IV. Policy support actions

24. II. Statistics of the 6th FP

25. International Incoming fellowships (IIF) • Open to scientist of all countries of the world • Application together with host organisation • Highly competitive, recommended for excellent researchers • High level places for post docs in European research organisation • Is continued under FP7 under same conditions How did China do in comparison to other countries?

26. Incoming fellows- from Third Countries

27. 3rd Countries’ Postgraduates (PG) in Host Fellowship Networks (FP6)

28. 3rd Countries’ Post Docs in Host Networks (FP6)

29. Most active incoming nationalitiesmaking use of EU possibilities • Leading position in FP6 was Russia • With altogether 95 scientists • Closely followed by US citizens with altogether 87 scientists (tendency under FP7: increasing) • 3rd place was China with altogether 59 scientists • Followed by India with 45 scientists

30. International Outgoing Fellowships • Also continued under FP7 • Best post docs position abroad • To have best places and chances for an excellent international career? • To which countries do the European go? • How many go to China?

31. Outgoing fellowshipsWhich are the preferred countries?

32. Statistics on FP6 Marie Curie fellowships with CN

33. First impressions of FP7 in 2007 • Incoming fellowships from CN – approximately the same level as before • Increase from the US, reduction from RU • Very interesting out going: increased interest of Europeans to come to China, already 4 successful in first year

34. 4 parts of the presentation • I. Philosophy • II. Statistics • III. The Marie Curie Actions • IV. Policy support actions

35. III. The Marie Curie Actions of the 7th FP

36. Chinese scientists are invited to participate in “Marie Curie Action” In 3 type of actions • All FP7 actions in general are open to international participation (if not otherwise targeted) • Chinese scientists are more particular invited to participate in Marie Curie activities that are designed for the international community • In addition, as EU and China have concluded an “S&T Agreement” China is admitted to the new IRSES “staff exchange programme”

37. “People” – 5 Marie Curie building blocks • 1. Initial training: • Networksfor Early stage researchers • 2. Life long training and career development: • Intra European Fellowships • European Reintegration Grants • Co-funding of national programmes • 3. Industry dimension: • Industry-academia partnership and pathways • 4. International dimension: • Outgoing fellowships • International reintegration grants • Incoming fellowships • International Research Staff Exchange Programme • (S&T, ENP)

38. Definition: Experienced researcher means a researcher • 1) already in possession of a doctoral degree, independently of the time taken to acquire it or • 2) having at least 4 years of research experience (full-time equivalent) after obtaining the degree which formally allows him/her to embark on a doctorate • in the country in which the degree/diploma was obtained or • in the country where the activities under the project are carried out.

39. Table 3.1: Reference rates for monthly living allowances (cost of living index 100)

40. 4. International dimensionIncoming fellowships (expirienced) Incoming individual fellowships for top class researchers to upgrade their qualification in the EU and Ass (38 countries) and be trained in competences they could not acquire in the home country. • at least four years after graduation (post doc) • to develop cooperation • Proposal is submitted by the researcher together with the host organisation • For 1 to 2 years • Salary plus contribution towards research related costs • Eventually a 1 year return phase for researchers from ICPC

41. 4. International dimensionOutgoing fellowships (from EU) Career development/ life-long training for EU researchers, experienced researcher: EU outgoing individual fellowships, to be trained in a third country institute or organisation • at least 4 years after graduation • Funding for up to 3 years in total • -- with 1-2 years abroad • To establish cooperation • Based on a personal ‘career development plan’ • Mandatory return fellowship

42. 4. New: “International Research Staff Exchange scheme” –IRSES • for EU Neighbourhood Countries and • Countries with S&T Agreement (and in negotiation) • Strengthen research collaborations of the EU with the preferential S&T partner countries • Strengthen sustainable research partnershipsbetween research institutions • [not mobility programme for individual career development!] • Based on joint exchange programmes, with commitment from both EU*/AC** and Third countries

43. 4. New: IRSES • Call for proposals published 30 Nov 2007; • deadline for submission 28 March 2008, 17:00h Brussels time

44. IRSES Participation rules • Partnership: min. 2 independent EU/AC research organisations of at least 2 different countries and one or more organisations in a third country • Coordinator from EU/AC • Duration of Partnership: 2-4 years

45. IRSES Exchange programme • Multi-annual joint exchange programme (balanced & coordinated) • Short term exchanges (up to 1 year per person in total) • Researchers, management, technical staff • Exchanges to/from Europe (not between EU/AS partners) • Staff are seconded (maintain salary in institution of origin and have the right to return) • Partner institutes select their staff for exchange • No restriction for size of programme

46. IRSES Financial rules/ EU contribution • Balanced exchange expected out/in Europe (in person years) • Each partner funds its own outgoing researchers • EU contribution for EU/AC partners • Fixed 1800€/person/month (incl. travel, subsistence) • Only for EU/AS partners • Non-EU/AC partners may apply their own rates • EU funding of ICPC (International Cooperation Partner Countries) in exceptional and well justified cases

47. IRSES-Example

48. IRSES Selection of programmes • Proposal must be submitted by European coordinator • Evaluation by independent experts (50% from third countries) • Evaluation results by June; contract negotiations initiated July-September; 1st contracts by Sept/Oct.

49. IRSES Evaluation Criteria • Quality of the Exchange programme (Weighting:25%) • Objective and relevance of the joint exchange programme • Scientific quality of the partners • Complementarities/synergies between the partners • Transfer of Knowledge (Weighting:30%) • Quality and mutual benefit of the transfer of knowledge • Adequacy and role of staff exchanged with respect to the transfer of knowledge

50. IRSES • Implementation (Weighting:15%) • Capacities (expertise/human resources/facilities/infrastructure) to achieve the objectives of the planned cooperation • Appropriateness of the plans for the overall management of the exchange programme • Impact (Weighting:30%) • Relevance of the proposed partnership to the area of collaboration and for the ERA • Potential to develop lasting collaboration with eligible Third country partners.