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Chapter 17 Section 3 The Government of the Republic

Chapter 17 Section 3 The Government of the Republic. Anticipatory Set. We have learned about many different types of government Monarchy Oligarchy Republic What were the forms of government in Rome? At different period Rome has had all of these government types

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Chapter 17 Section 3 The Government of the Republic

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  1. Chapter 17 Section 3The Government of the Republic

  2. Anticipatory Set • We have learned about many different types of government • Monarchy • Oligarchy • Republic • What were the forms of government in Rome? • At different period Rome has had all of these government types • Today we are going to learn how Rome began moving towards a democracy

  3. Standards • S.S. 6.7.2 • Describe the government of the Roman Republic and its significance (e.g. written constitution and tripartite government, checks and balances, civic duty). • E-LA Reading 6.1.3 • Recognize the origins and meanings of frequency used foreign words in English and use these words accurately in speaking and writing.

  4. Objective • Students will learn about the government of the Roman Republic. They will learn that Rome had three branches representing three types of government: monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy.

  5. Language of the Discipline • Tripartite • Dictator • Cincinnatus • Veto • Constitution • Checks and balances

  6. Tripartite Government (Input) • The Roman Republic has a tripartite, or three-part government • Magistrates • Senate • Assembly

  7. The Magistrates (Input) • The magistrates were the main officials of the Roman Republic • They represented the tradition of a monarchy • 2 consuls served as the top magistrates • They were elected for 1 year termsleading the government and the army, while also acting as judges and high priests • Magistrates also occupied the position the king formally had. They had the power to block the other’s decisions, so they had to work together to get things done

  8. The Magistrates (Input) • When consuls left for war they appointed a dictator to serve in their place • A dictator is a ruler with unlimited power • The dictators served for 6 month periodsor less • During a war a former soldier was appointed dictator. His name was Cincinnatus. He raised an army, defeated the enemy, and handed power back to the consuls in just 16 days. • The lower officials managed specific areas of government, such as collected taxes or maintenance of the road

  9. The Senate(Input) • The senate was the 2nd branch of government • It represented the tradition of oligarchy • The senate continued to advise the consuls, control state finances, and passed laws • The original Roman Senate had 300 members who served for life • They came from the oldest and richest patrician families in Rome • Over time, the entrance of wealthy plebeians caused the Senate to grow

  10. The Senate (Input)

  11. The Assemblies(Input) • 2 assemblies made up the third branchof government • The 2 groups represented the democratic element • The Centuriate Assembly developed from a system that placed all men in classes according to how much military equipment they could provide • Wealthy patricians gained more votes than plebeians could afford less equipment

  12. The Assemblies (Input) • In the Tribal Assembly, the plebeians were in charge • Over time they became a powerful force in Rome • It elected tribunes, who had the power to veto other branches • A veto is the power to reject a proposed action or law. It means “I forbid”

  13. The Roman Constitution (Input) • The powers of the branches were adjusted according to the Roman constitution • A constitution is a set of laws and principles that forma basis for a government • The Roman constitution included laws and practices that formed over time, unlike the U.S. constitution that is a single written document

  14. The Roman Constitution (Input)

  15. Checks and Balances (Input) • The basic principles of the Roman constitution evolved during the Struggle of the Orders • One principle was checks and balances • Checks and balances represent a means for keeping any one branch of a government from gaining more power than the others • No one branch could become too powerful • Each consul had the power to veto the other • This is a key feature of the U.S. government today

  16. The Rule of Law (Input) • The second basic principle was the rule of law • With the passage of the Twelve Tables, Romans accepted the idea that they should be ruled by written laws, rather than whims of judges • Over time the Roman law changed to give rights to the common people • The law code was altered to allow plebeians to marry patricians and for one consul to be a plebeian • Later laws prohibited debt bondage and allowed plebeians to become priests

  17. The LexHortensia (Input) • Plebeians won a great passage of a law called the LexHortensia which gave the Tribal Assembly the power to pass laws without the approval of the Senate or consuls • The Roman Republic then became a democracy at least in theory • In reality the patricians still dominated the government • Members of the old aristocracy controlled the Senate and held most of the magistrate positions. They also dominated the Centuriate Assembly and had influence over the Tribal Assembly • Most Roman citizens remained loyal to the Republic • As long as the plebeians had the right to vote in their assembly, they felt like they had a role in the system

  18. Check for Understanding • Please determine the BEST answer for the following question. • Please write your answer on your white boards and wait for the teacher’s signal. • On the teacher’s signal, hold up your white boards.

  19. Checking for Understanding #1 Fill in the blank • _______________ the power to reject a proposed action or law • Veto

  20. Checking for Understanding #2 Answer the following question. • Two assemblies made up the ___________ branch of government. • Third

  21. Checking for Understanding #3 Answer the following question. • Why were checks and balances important to the Roman government? • Check and balances were important because no one branch could become too powerful

  22. Guided Practice/Independent Practice • Guided Practice • Complete questions 1 - 3 on the reading comprehension worksheet. • Raise your hand and wait to get stamped. • If you received an “R” go to the back table with Ms. Graham. • Independent Practice • Once you have been stamped moved to independent practice and complete numbers 4 and 5 on the reading comprehension worksheet. • Homework • Note-taking guide on the reverse side.

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