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Bacterial Diseases

Bacterial Diseases. Staphylococcus Streptococcus. Pathogenicity. “the state of producing or being able to produce pathological changes and disease”. Staphylococcus. “a genus of gram-negative, nonmotile, opportunistic bacteria which tend to aggregate in irregular, grape-like clusters”.

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Bacterial Diseases

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  1. Bacterial Diseases Staphylococcus Streptococcus

  2. Pathogenicity • “the state of producing or being able to produce pathological changes and disease”

  3. Staphylococcus • “a genus of gram-negative, nonmotile, opportunistic bacteria which tend to aggregate in irregular, grape-like clusters”

  4. Readings Question #1 • Staphylococcus aureus is the most pathogenic of the staphylococci. What are its toxins capable of doing? What enzymes does it produce, and what is their known effect?

  5. Staphylococcal Food Poisoning • caused by ingesting an enterotoxin • high resistance to heat, drying and radiation, and high osmotic pressures • inhabitant of nasal passages…contaminates the hands…..readily enters food • mechanical vectors • mayonnaise, cream sauces

  6. Skin and Wound Infections • Sty: “infected follicle of an eyelash”

  7. Skin and Wound Infections (cont’d) • Pimple: infected hair follicle • Abscess: more serious hair follicle infection • furuncle/boil: superficial • carbuncle: deeper • Risk of underlying tissues becoming infected • Toxemia: toxins circulate

  8. Scalded Skin Syndrome

  9. Toxic Shock Syndrome • S. aureus growth associated with the use of a new type of highly absorbent vaginal tampon • swell with menstrual fluids and adhere to the vagina • tears in the vaginal wall

  10. Streptococcus “spherical shaped bacteria occurring in chains” What are the implications for the embalmer when dealing with saprophytes?

  11. Streptococcus pneumoniae( pneumococcus) • gram-positive ovoid bacterium • cell pairs surrounded by capsule • common cause of: 1) lobar pneumonia 2) meningitis 3) otitis media

  12. Lobar Pneumonia • Readings question #2: • What is lobar pneumonia, and how is it characterized? • What are some of the predisposing conditions for this disease? • penicillin and fluoroquinolones

  13. Meningitis • 70% of the population are healthy carriers • Gram-positive encapsulated diplococcus • Leading cause of bacterial meningitis • Most cases between 1 month and 4 years • Broad-spectrum cephalosporins • CSF obtained by a spinal tap • Vaccine: Pneumococcal Conjugated Vaccine

  14. Otitis Media • 85% before 3 years of age (Eustachian Tubes)

  15. Streptococcus pyogenes • Scarlet Fever: streptococcal pharyngitis • Septic Sore Throat: respiratory secretions • penicillin • Puerperal Sepsis: Childbirth/Childbed Fever • Rheumatic Fever: arthritis and fever • 50% inflammation of the heart • penicillin • Syndenham’s chorea

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