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SOC101Y

SOC101Y. Introduction to Sociology Professor Adam Green Lecture #14 Families 30 Jan 13. The Nuclear Family. The nuclear family is composed of a cohabiting man and woman who maintain a socially approved sexual relationship and have at least one child.

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SOC101Y

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  1. SOC101Y Introduction to Sociology Professor Adam Green Lecture #14 Families 30 Jan 13

  2. The Nuclear Family The nuclear familyis composed of a cohabiting man and woman who maintain a socially approved sexual relationship and have at least one child. In the traditional nuclear family, the wife also works in the home without pay while the husband works outside the home for money.

  3. The Traditional Nuclear Family and New Alternatives legally married  never married singlehood, nonmarital cohabitation with children  voluntary childlessness two-parent  single-parent permanent  divorce, remarriage male primary provider, egalitarian (dual-career) ultimate authority sexually exclusive  extramarital relationships heterosexual  same-sex relationships, households

  4. The Growing Diversity of Canadian Families, 1931-2001 http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/analytic/companion/fam/family.cfm

  5. The Growing Diversity of Canadian Families, 1981-2006 (in percent) 1981 2006

  6. The Five Functions of Families Sexual regulation Economic cooperation Reproduction Socialization Emotional support

  7. “If a man (woman) had all the other qualities you desired, would you marry this person if you were not in love with him (her)?” Willingness to marry without love is more common in traditional than in modern societies. Percent

  8. Crude Divorce Rate, Canada, 1921-2005, and Selected Countries, 2005 The crudedivorce rate is the number of divorces that occur in a year for every 100,000 people in the population. 1987: Peak year 1985: “No fault” divorce law Divorces per 100,000 population 1968: Divorce law reform

  9. Crude Marriage Rate, Canada, 1921-2003 The crude marriage rate is the number of marriages that occur in a year for every 100,000 people in the population. Marriages per 100,000 population

  10. Total Fertility Rate, Canada, 1968-2007 The total fertility rate is the average number of children born to women of the same age over their lifetime. (The replacement rate is the number of children each woman must have on average for population size [excluding immigration and emigration] to remain constant [= 2.1]). Historic low Total fertility rate Year

  11. Problem of wealth transmission Class inequality Marxists assert the primacy of class inequality, especially under capitalism, in creating gender inequality in the family: Sexual control Economic control • But feminists assert the priority of patriarchy over class inequality because patriarchy existed in pre-capitalist and communist societies.

  12. Total Divorce Rate, Canada, 1993-2003 Divorces per 1,000 marriages by 30th anniversary Year

  13. The Five Basesof Marital Satisfaction Economic forces Divorce laws The family life cycle Housework and childcare Sex

  14. Family satisfaction (scale 1-5) Family Satisfaction and the Family Life Cycle Men Women

  15. Three Factors Account for Emotional Distress among Children of Divorce High level of parental conflict Decline in living standards Absence of a parent

  16. Nuclear Family Decline: USA and Sweden USA Sweden median age at first marriage men 26.5 29.4* women 24.4 27.1* percentage of 45-49 population never married men 5.7 15.4* women 5.1 9.1* nonmarital birth rate 25.7 50.9* 1-parent hshlds among all hshlds with children < 15 25.0* 18.0 % of mothers in labor force with children < 3 51.0 84.0* total fertility rate 2.0 2.0 average household size 2.7 2.2*

  17. Child Well-Being:USA and Sweden USA Sweden mean reading performance score at 14 5.1 5.3* % of children in poverty single-mother households 59.5 5.2* two-parent households 11.1 2.2* death rate of infants from abuse 9.8 0.9* suicide rate for children 15-19 (/100,000)11.1 6.2* juvenile delinquency rate (/100,000) 11 .6* 12.0 juvenile drug offence rate (/100,000) 558 241*

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