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Chapter 3 Projectile Motion

Chapter 3 Projectile Motion. Projectile Motion. Previously, we studied motion in one direction (linear motion) Projectiles follow a curved path (nonlinear motion) The velocity of a projectile has both vertical and horizontal components to its motion that are independent of each other.

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Chapter 3 Projectile Motion

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  1. Chapter 3Projectile Motion

  2. Projectile Motion • Previously, we studied motion in one direction (linear motion) • Projectiles follow a curved path (nonlinear motion) The velocity of a projectile has both vertical and horizontal components to its motion that are independent of each other.

  3. Vectors • A scalar quantity has only magnitude Ex. 70 mph • A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction Ex. 70 mph, North In physics an arrow is drawn to represent a vector. The length of the arrow is proportional to the magnitude of the vector and the arrow shows the direction.

  4. Components of Vectors 80 km/hr 60 km/hr • “Any vector can be “resolved” into two component vectors at right angles to each other. • “These two vectors are known as components of the given vector they replace.” - p. 31

  5. Horizontal Distance • Each box represents one time interval (Ex. 1 sec) • Purple dots represent the horizontal position (top), vertical position (left side) and position in space (curved line) of a projectile. Vertical Distance • Notice that the horizontal speed of the projectile remains constant • The vertical speed of the projectile acts like an object in free-fall • The only force acting on our projectile is gravity (neglecting air resistance)

  6. Horizontal Distance • The Horizontal Distance vs. time that a projectile will travel will be constant: • Distance = Velocity x Time • The vertical Distance vs time that a projectile will fall will follow the equation d=½gt2 • (Note this applies only if a projectile is dropped from rest. If there is an initial velocity, we have to use the expanded equation: • d= vit+ ½gt2) Vertical Distance

  7. Example 1 • Suppose a ball is rolled off of a cliff horizontally with a speed of 5 m/s • How long will it take the ball to hit the ground? • d=½gt2 • 123 = ½(9.81)(t2) • t= 5s • How fast was the ball traveling in the downward direction when it hit the ground? • v = gt • v = (9.81)(5) = 49 m/s • How fast in the horizontal direction was the ball traveling when it hit the ground? 5 m/s • How far from the cliff will the ball land? • Distance = Velocity x Time • Distance = (5 m/s)(5s) = 25 meters 123 Meters

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