Political Control

1. Political Control By: ally and yesun

2. The anti-movements • Three anti-movement, 1951 • Waste, corruption, inefficiency • Party members & bureaucrats • Five anti-movement, 1952 • Industrial sabotage, tax evasion, bribery, fraud, theft of government property • Businessmen: prison sentences, crippling fines, driven to suicide • Destroy ‘the bureaucratic capitalist class’ • ↓criminal gang control & corruption of nationalist China

3. Enforcing Conformity • CCP turned China into a nation of “informers” • People spied on each other • Streets had “watchers” • Community associations did the opposite of their job • “Labelling” became way of enforcing conformity  maintained by exploiting fear

4. Terror tactics Terror: basic method of control 1949: ↑10 separate political parties 1952: — Series of mass campaigns: ↑authority over people Attack against ‘counter-revolutionaries & imperialists’ Condemn who showed signs of disapproval

5. The Attack on China’s Middle Class • Mao’s aim = destruction of a whole Class “China’s Bourgeoisie” • Mao’s saw that there was a necessity of violence • 1955: Addressing Party Leaders • “On this matter we are quite heartless. On this matter, Marxism is indeed cruel and has little mercy, for it is determined to exterminate...Some of our comrades are too kind, they are not tough enough...Our aim is to exterminate capitalism, obliterate it from the face of the earth and make it a thing of the past.”

6. Mass killings • Early 1950s in Shanghai & Guangzhou (Canton) • Underworld gangs and triads • Violent bloodletting • Guangzhou: 130,000 bandits&criminals ↑⅟₂ executed • Shanghai: 28,000

7. Registration as a political weapon • Mao created system which required people to register themselves • 3 types of registration: • Danwei: for a job • Hukou: to obtain accomodation • Dangan: file held by party members about personal details of a person