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Electric Vehicles: outlook and policy actions needed

Electric Vehicles: outlook and policy actions needed. Jacques de Selliers, Ir Managing Director Going-Electric, Association for Electric Vehicles in Europe www.going-electric.org , jsm08@going-electric.org , tel: +32 475 55 20 26 Former importer of REVA electric cars in Belgium.

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Electric Vehicles: outlook and policy actions needed

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  1. Electric Vehicles: outlook and policy actions needed Jacques de Selliers, Ir Managing DirectorGoing-Electric, Association for Electric Vehicles in Europe www.going-electric.org, jsm08@going-electric.org, tel: +32 475 55 20 26 Former importer of REVA electric cars in Belgium. EV outlook and policy actions needed

  2. Electric Vehicles:Key considerations EVs = 3 technologies of electrically powered vehicle: • Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) (= pure electric vehicles), • Extended Range Electric Vehicles (EREVs) (= Series Plug-in Hybrids), • Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs, fuelled by hydrogen). By far, they are the most sustainable car technologies: Nearly petrol-free, no urban pollution, 30% less primary energy, less CO2… 80% of cars mileage = short trips, slow speed, 1 occupant:  Small/ultra-small BEVs are ideal for this usage…  EREVs are fine for long trips – and FCVs even better!  BEV & EREV technologies are mature enough to fill all car markets. But they are temporarily expensive. What is missing for EVs to spread is: • The right initial incentives from public authorities (first priority = non-financial), • The right charging infrastructure (first priority is where EV drivers live), • Attractive EV models (which will only arrive after 1. & 2.). EV outlook and policy actions needed

  3. EV Sustainabilityversus ICV EVs (BEVs, EREVs & FCVs) are MUCH cleaner than ICVs. Compared to ICVs of same power and weight: • EVs use about 30% less primary energy • An electric car charged with petrol/biofuel-generated electricity uses about 30% less petrol/biofuel than an ICV... • EVs cause 25% less CO2 with the Chinese electricity mix • Even less CO2 as electricity generation gets cleaner (which is happening). • 70% less CO2 in the EU – Nearly zero CO2 in Norway, Sweden, France... • Same CO2 in the worse case (coal fired power plants). • EVs are silent and cause zero urban pollution • It is easier to reduce pollution from a few power plants than from millions of cars. • Reducing urban pollution saves health and building cleaning costs. • EVs reduce energy dependency • Over 50% of world’s petrol is used in road transport. • Electricity generation uses a variety of energies (including renewable) and little petrol. • EVs have a sustainable life cycle • Vehicle environmental impact: 25% = manufacturing + recycling, 75% = usage • EVs, batteries and fuel cells are very recyclable. EV outlook and policy actions needed

  4. Micro-BEVs are the urban future! • Fast in traffic and easy to park  objectively ideal for commuting & city-driving • Minimal consumption & emissions  very environmentally friendly • Minimal congestion of traffic and parking  very city-friendly Governments should especially promote micro-EVs! Going-Electric Printed on 4 January 2020 EV outlook and policy actions needed Page 4

  5. EV (BEV, EREV & FCV): car sales predictions EV outlook and policy actions needed

  6. The two key policy actions needed EVs are temporarily more expensive than ICVs Purchase incentives are initially needed Financial incentives: expensive to states Non-financial incentives: most effective! EVs need to charge – two different needs: At or near home: daily low power charging at night. In transit places: occasional high power recharging. Going-Electric Printed on 4 January 2020 EV outlook and policy actions needed Page 6

  7. Norway’s most effective incentives Saving time & hassles is invaluable to drivers! In congested cities: EV access to priority lanes Free unlimited parking for EVs Parking spots reserved for EVs No odd/even plate restrictions Free freeway tolls & congestion charge Successful EV introduction at no cost! Going-Electric Printed on 4 January 2020 EV outlook and policy actions needed Page 7

  8. Two different charging needs Key considerations: No one will buy an EV if he can’t charge it at/near home 80% daily trips < 60km  need << 15 kWh/day BEVs are NOT for very long trips ( EREVs and/or FCVs) Charging at night is better for the electrical network. Implications on charging needs Night charging at/near home is essential2-3 kW charging is usually enough  domestic plug Public charging in transit places is needed: Against range anxiety: low/medium power is enough For exceptional longer trips: high power charging (motorways). Going-Electric Printed on 4 January 2020 EV outlook and policy actions needed Page 8

  9. Other policy actions needed Other governmental actions needed for EV leadership: • Stimulate investments in EV and parts production plants, • Enable large scale fuel cell demonstration projects, • Promote Micro-EV development and commercialisation, • Stimulate training in EV related skills (electronics, chemistry…), • Abandon regulations forcing car manufacturers to invest in petrol vehicles improvements. EV outlook and policy actions needed

  10. Electric Vehicles:Conclusions EVs are the future, whether we want it or not. Petrol light vehicles will become obsolete in 2 or 3 decades. Governments must promote EVs with the right actionsif they want their car industry to survive. Going-Electric Printed on 4 January 2020 EV outlook and policy actions needed Page 10

  11. Thank you ! Going-Electric Printed on 4 January 2020 EV outlook and policy actions needed Page 11

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