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The Impact of Prohibition on American Society: A Historical Overview

This lecture explores the Prohibition era in the United States, highlighting the reasons behind the prohibition of alcohol from 1920 to 1933. We'll discuss the progressive social movements that fueled the Temperance Movement, the issues related to alcohol, and the role of women in advocating for change. The lecture will also cover the rise of organized crime during Prohibition, its eventual repeal in 1933, and the implications for American society, including economic challenges like the Great Depression.

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The Impact of Prohibition on American Society: A Historical Overview

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  1. Progressivism & Social Changes **Prohibition

  2. What was prohibited by “Prohibition” in the U.S.? • Alcohol consumption • Chinese Immigration • Women voting • Child labor NOTICE! Prohibition ≠ prohibition

  3. Poll Before you started studying this chapter, did you know that the U.S. had once banned alcohol? • Yes. • No!

  4. Question Alcohol was prohibited in the U.S. during most of the Progressive Era. • True • False

  5. Questions I will answer in today’s lecture: • How, when & why was alcohol prohibited in America? • Why was Prohibition repealed (cancelled) later? • What was life like in America during the Prohibition Era?

  6. Social Change Movements(Progressivism) Women were especially vocal about moral issues: • Suffrage (equal voting rights for women) • Social Work (helping the poor) • Temperance (Not drinking alcohol)

  7. II. The Temperance Movement(1850s – 1919)

  8. Problems with Alcohol 1 - Too many saloons(1 per 150 people) • Saloons couldn’t make $$$ • Added gambling • Added prostitution

  9. Problems with Alcohol 2 -Social workers saw family problems • Men wasting money at saloons • Violence toward wives / children

  10. Problems with Alcohol 3 -Alcohol-related disease • Alcoholism (addiction) • Liver Damage • Early Death

  11. TemperanceCampaign (1850 – 1920) 1. Temperance Beliefs: • Alcohol = Evil • Even 1 drink  addiction! • All problems caused by alcohol (unemployment, poverty, crime, immorality, violence, disease, inequality of women) 2. Solution: Make America “dry”

  12. Temperance Campaign 3. Also an Anti-Immigrant campaign “Cultures of drink” • Irish (whiskey) • Germans (beer) • Italians (wine) • Russians (vodka)

  13. 4. The role of women in the Temperance Movement • Vocal & politically active

  14. The role of women in the Temperance Movement • Vocal & politically active

  15. The role of women in the Temperance Movement • Vocal & politically active • Won men’s support for equal voting rights • 1920 – 19th Amendment = universal suffrage

  16. III. Anti-Alcohol Legislation

  17. Anti-Alcohol Legislation • 1850s – 1918 - Many locallaws • 1919 - The Volstead Act(national law) • Prohibited the production, sale, & transport of alcohol for drinking • 1919 - 18th Amendment to the Constitution (a.k.a “Prohibition”- effective as of 1920)

  18. NOTE! Progressive Era ≠ Prohibition Era

  19. IV. Prohibition Era in America(1920-1933)

  20. Alcohol Vocabulary • Liquor= alcohol • Booze (slang) = alcohol • To go on a bender = (slang) to drink a lot • A speakeasy = a secret, illegal club or bar that served alcohol during Prohibition

  21. Bootleg (adj) / Bootlegger (n. person) Original meaning Prohibition Era Today

  22. Documentary – Homework Check

  23. Comprehension Questions Who made a lot of money during Prohibition? • The U.S. Government • The Police • Organized criminal gangs • Temperance leaders

  24. Comprehension Questions According to the video, drinking ____________ during the Prohibition Era. • increased • stayed the same • decreased

  25. Documentary – Images of ProhibitionWhat did you see in the video?

  26. V. The Repeal of Prohibition

  27. Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933? 1. Crime soared • Bootleggers and gangsters made a fortune. Al Capone Most powerful gangster in Chicago

  28. Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933? 2. Drinking actually increased • Glamorous speakeasies (for women too!) Maybe!

  29. Increase in Drinking is Disputed! Source: U.S. Alcohol Epidemiologic Data Reference Manual       (Vol. 1, Rockville, Md. : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 1985): Accessed at: http://prohibition.osu.edu/brewing/consumption.cfm

  30. Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933? 3. Alcohol-related deaths increased • Homemade alcohol was dangerous.

  31. Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933? 4. Public Pressure

  32. Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933? 5. Enforcement took too much time and $ • Lawyers • Police

  33. What was happening in America in 1933? • The Great Depression • Very weak economy • High unemployment • Repeal of Prohibition = • Gov’t could collect liquor taxes • Jobs!

  34. VI. Drinking in America Today

  35. What is the legal drinking age in the U.S. today? • 16 • 18 • 20 • 21 • No limit

  36. What is the legal drinking age in your country? • None. Anyone can drink legally. • 18 • 19 • 20 • None. It is illegal to drink alcohol.

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