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O rganizational B ehavior. O rganizational B ehavior. The S ocial B rain.
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The Social Brain • We are constantly impacting the brain states in other people. In my EI model, “Managing Relationships” means, at this level, that we’re responsible for how we shape the feelings of those we interact with – for better or for worse. In this sense, relationship skills have to do with managing brain states in other people.
Organizational Behavior • What is Behavior ? • The responses issued by the individual as a result of inadvertent contact with other individuals or as a result of contact with the external environment.
Organizational Behavior :: a field of study that seeks to understand, explain, predict and manage human behavior, both individual and collective, in the organizational context .
Organizational Behavior • The Individual Basis of Change
Organizational Behavior • Why Study Organizational Behavior ...? • 1- understand organizational events • 2- predict organizational events • 3-influence organizational events
Elements of Organizational Behavior ? • That the Elements of Organizational Behavior represented in each of :: • [ A ] For the Individual :: • 1 - Perception: the individual addresses to the people around him and how to interpret and understand the situation and events around him and how this perception affects the judgment and on others to make decisions. • 2 - Learning: benefit managers and owners of power and workers understand how to earn their behavior or how he can strengthen or weaken certain patterns of behavior. • 3 - Motivation: psychological forces that determine the direction of a person's behavior in an organization. • 4 - Personal: It is also useful to understand the personal characteristics and their impact on the behavior of individuals within their businesses.
Elements of Organizational Behavior ? • [ B ] The Group:: The influential elements and components of the collective behavior of individuals in groups : • 1- Leadership: The art of motivating a group of people to acts towards achieving a common goal and breaking down the barriers between them. • 2 - Contact: helps managers or employees in understanding how to communicate within the work and how you can make it without constraints and how they can raise communication skills in different ways, such as listening personal interviews and social development. • Note :: All these elements combine to build the model or framework that the organization operates from*
Bases of Organizational Behavior ? • Psychology: The science or study of individual human behaviour • Sociology: The study of group human behaviour • Social Psychology: Studies influences of people on one another • Anthropology: Study of the human race, and culture • Political Science :Behavior of individuals in political environment
Organizational Behaviour Project on learning through Video as a tool • This is a lovely example of team work, it shows how we can achieve success. No matter how small or weak we are as individuals. • when we are combined in a team, we can reach our goals successfully. • Link:: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7EopAR859Bs
Theories of the Behavior of [Individuals] • [1] Theory X and Theory Y:: • Douglas McGregor :an American social psychologist, proposed his famous X-Y theory in his 1960 book [ The Human Side Of Enterprise] • TheoryX : Average employee is lazy, dislikes work, and will try to do as little as possible تفترض • الإدارة بأن الموظف بطبيعته لا يحب العمل ويحاول تجنبه ويتهرب من المسؤوولية • TheoryY : Employees will do what is good for the organization when committedان الانسان بطبعه يحب العمل والانجاز ويرغب في تحمل المسؤولية ولتحفيز هذا النوع الموظفين اعطائهم مكافئة او اعطائه الاعمال التي بها مخاطر وابداع
Theories of the Behavior of [Individuals] [2] Maslow Hierarchy of Needs: Abraham Maslow (1954) presents a Hierarchy of needs model which can be divided into basic (or deficiency) needs e.g. (physiological, safety, love, and esteem) and growth needs (cognitive, aesthetics and self-actualization).
[2] Maslow Hierarchy of Needs: • One must satisfy Lower Level basic Needs before progressing on to meet Higher Level growth needs. Once these needs have been reasonably satisfied, one may be able to reach the Highest Level called Self-Actualization • Every person is Capable and has the Desire to move up the Hierarchy toward a level of Self-Actualization.
Emotional Intelligence [EI] • is your ability to recognize and understand emotionsin yourself and others, and your ability to use this awareness الوعي to manage your behavior and relationships.
How Will Knowing OB Make a Difference? • For Managers • Knowing organizational Behaviour can help you manage well and makes for Better corporations. • Managing people well leads to Greater organizational commitment. • Finally, managing well may improve organizational citizenship.
How Will Knowing OB Make a Difference? • For Individuals • What if I’m not going to work in a large organization? • The theories generally apply to organizations of any size. • What if I don’t want to be a manager? • To some extent, the roles of managers and employees are becoming blurredواضحةin many organizations. • While self-employed individuals often do not act as managers, they certainly interact with other individuals and organizations as part of their work. • NOTE : OB applies equally well to all situations in which you interact with others: on the basketball court, at the grocery store, in school, or in church.
Summary and Implications 1. What is Organizational Behaviour? • OB is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behaviour within an organization. 2. Isn’t Organizational behaviour common sense? Or just like psychology? • OB is built on contributions from a number of behavioural disciplines, including psychology, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, and political science. It goes beyond “common sense.”
Summary and Implications • How does knowing about Organizational Behaviour make work and life more understandable? • OB helps people manage well, and managing well can lead to greater organizational commitment by employees. 4. What challenges do managers and employees face in today’s workplace? • Each level of analysis—the individual, the group, and the organization—presents challenges
Organizational Behavior or Organizational Theory • encompasses the systematic study and careful application of knowledge about how people act within organizations.
