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Jim Smith, Mikael Salonvaara and Jensen Zhang

Jim Smith, Mikael Salonvaara and Jensen Zhang Building Energy and Environmental Systems Laboratory (BEESL). Material Emissions and Pollutant Transport in Building Envelopes T1.A Experimental – VOC Extraction. VOC Extraction – Primary Focus.

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Jim Smith, Mikael Salonvaara and Jensen Zhang

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  1. Jim Smith, Mikael Salonvaara and Jensen Zhang Building Energy and Environmental Systems Laboratory (BEESL) Material Emissions and Pollutant Transport in Building EnvelopesT1.A Experimental – VOC Extraction

  2. VOC Extraction – Primary Focus Development of a Procedure / Standard to determine the initial concentrations of emitted VOCs from building materials. • Uses for Standard: • An important parameter for predicting the VOC emission rates over a long period of time. • The method can be useful for rapid screening of materials, enabling manufacturers to compare different production processes in order to reduce VOC emissions from their products.

  3. VOC Extraction: Schematic PI&D PPBRAE GRINDING BOWL RECIR PUMP 50 LITER CHAMBER RECIR PUMP VIBRATION TABLE PPBRAE

  4. VOC Extraction: System MIXING ASSEMBLY GRINDINGBOWL RECIR PUMP CLEAN AIRCONNECTION 50 LITER CHAMBER EXHAUST CONNECTION GREYWOLF CONNECTION

  5. VOC Extraction: Test Cycle

  6. VOC Extraction: Sample Cycle

  7. OSB: Specimen preparation SAMPLE BEFORE GRINDING AFTER GRINDING

  8. Data Analysis • Mass exhausted from the chamber & re-circulation loop : where, i=1, 3, 5, represent the starting time point of each decay, respectively. • Mass of each TVOC & individual VOCs for each period of the decay: First Decay Second Decay Third Decay • Note that t6 should approach infinity in the evaluation, or be sufficiently large so that the remaining VOCs in the source becomes negligible. • Specific values for t6 depend on the material, and recommendations will be provided/defined during the data analysis.

  9. Data Analysis • The total emittable mass (M) for a given compound or TVOC is found by summation of the calculated mass ventilated in all decay periods: • Mass adsorbed in the material at equilibrium before each decay period: where, Mei represents the VOC mass adsorbed in the material right before the start of decay period i, g.

  10. Data Analysis • Partition Coefficient, Kpi: • The partition coefficient is calculated for each equilibrium condition before each decay period: • Rate Constant (slope of the isotherm curve), Kci: • The rate constant Kci is estimated for the concentration range between two adjacent equilibrium conditions right before the decay periods: Where, • Mei = Mass of a VOC or TVOC in material sample at equilibrium before decay period i - g • Cei = Equilibrium concentration right before decay period i - g/m3 • Vloop = Volume of the chamber including the recirculation loop – m3 • Vmat = Volume of material – m3

  11. OSB Test – Real-time Monitoring

  12. 1st Decay - TVOC

  13. 2nd Decay - TVOC

  14. 3rd Decay - TVOC

  15. Initial VOC Concentrations and Partition Coefficients TVOC from OSB: • Measured initial concentration: 41 g/m3 • Total mass density of the material: 526 kg/m3 • TVOC content: 0.0078% mass (not listed in MSDS) • With an emission factor of 0.5 mg/(m2h), it takes 1.5 month to deplete from one-sided surface • Partition coefficients (Kpi, rate constant (Kci), and sorption curve

  16. VOC Identification

  17. What is next? • Sorption curves for individual VOCs • Analyze data obtained for gypsum board and fiberglass insulation • Refine and improve test procedure • Evaluate the accuracy and repeatability of the test method • Conduct tests for additional materials • Compare results with data from other laboratories • Virgin Tech. (Prof. John Little) • NRC/IRC (Dr. Don Yong) • Concordia University (Prof. Fariborz Heighihag) • Tsinghua University (Prof. Yinping Zhang/Dong Yang)

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