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THE BIBLE

THE BIBLE. GREEK: TA BIBLIA ENGLISH: BOOKS. COMPOSITION CATHOLIC. 1. Old Testament: 46 Books 2. New Testament: 27 Books 3. Total: 73 Books. PROTESTANT. Old Testament: 39 Books New Testament: 27 Books Total: 66 Books. THE VALUE OF THE BIBLE. A treasure chest of wisdom.

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THE BIBLE

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  1. THE BIBLE GREEK: TA BIBLIA ENGLISH: BOOKS

  2. COMPOSITIONCATHOLIC 1. Old Testament: 46 Books 2. New Testament: 27 Books 3. Total: 73 Books

  3. PROTESTANT • Old Testament: 39 Books • New Testament: 27 Books • Total: 66 Books

  4. THE VALUE OF THE BIBLE • A treasure chest of wisdom. • Gives insight to the meaning of life. • Source of Western culture (words and expressions). • Influence on modern religious thought.

  5. 6. Most complete history of the past. 7. God’s revelations to: Jews, Christians, Muslims. 8. Source of ethical codes. 9. Entertainment. 10. Meditation. 11. Music Composition. 13. Foundation to secular constitutions.

  6. Divine revelationTwo Ways • Discovering God in Nature (Ps 104:24) • Human beings • Animals • Vegetation • Rain and Water • Human suffering

  7. 2. DIVINE WORDS AND DECREES (PS 119:129-130) • Scriptures. • Ten commandments. • God’s laws. • Prophetic utterances • Teachings of Jesus • Miracles of Jesus

  8. THE PROCESS OF REVELATION • God reveals himself to individuals or community. • The revelation is shaped by the community and environment. • The community interprets the revelation. • Context plays a pivotal role.

  9. THE HEBREW BIBLE/SCRIPTURES • It has 39 books. • These are divided into 3 major categories: • The Law (Torah) • The Prophets (Nebi’im) • The Writings (Ketubim) Acronym: TaNaK

  10. Jewish understanding of the Bible • It is not Old Testament because old implies: • Old fashioned. 6. Worn out • No longer useful. 7. To be discarded • Expired. 8. It’s anti-Judaism • Superseded. 9. It’s derogatory • Not desirable.

  11. It contains only the Old Testament. • NT is not part of the Jewish Bible. • Jesus is not considered the Messiah. • It’s inspired. • Was revealed by God. • Parts of it are considered historical.

  12. CATHOLIC USE OF OT • It means Revered and Accepted. • NT means renewed. • OT means Not revoked. • First. • Very important.

  13. THE CATHOLIC BIBLE • Contains both OT and NT. • Jesus is the Jewish promised Messiah. • NT is the fulfillment of the OT. • The OT has 46 books. • The NT has 27 books. • The books are based on the Septuagint.

  14. THE SEPTUAGINT • Catholic Bible is based on the Septuagint. • It is the Greek version of the Hebrew Bible • The Septuagint was translated in Alexandria. • 70 translators and translations. • The Translations were identical.

  15. Councils Affirming 46 OT Books • 396 at Hippo. • 397 and 417 at Carthage. • 1546 Council of Trent: solemn approval was given. • The 46 books were accepted by the Greek speaking Jews. • The Aramaic and Hebrew speaking Jews of Palestine accepted only 39 books. • The seven extra books were written in Greek except Tobit and Sirach, which were originally in Hebrew or Aramaic.

  16. CATEGORIES OF THE SEPTUAGINT • Pentateuch • The Historical books • The Wisdom writings • The Prophets NB. Go to p. 7 for the complete list.

  17. OT CANON • The Term comes from the Hebrew word qaneh. • It means “reed” or “measuring stick”. • It gives the list of books that are considered: • Authoritative, 2. Inspired 3. Acceptable, 4. Revealed 5. Authentic 6. Final (not to be changed)

  18. CRITERIA • Inspiration • Widespread acceptance • Prophetic (former and later) • Conformity with the Torah • Language might have played a part.

  19. DEUTEROCANONICAL BOOKS • 1 Maccabees, • 2. Maccabees • Judith • Tobit • Baruch • Sirach, 7. The Wisdom of Solomon

  20. Why are they Deuterocanonical? • Deutero means 2nd. • They belong to the 2nd Canon. • Included in the Septuagint. • Most were written in Greek. • Not Accepted in Palestine. • Accepted in the Canon after 1st and early 2nd C, AD.

  21. First included in the Canon in the 4th C by Church Fathers. • At Hippo: 393 AD. • Carthage 397 and 417. • Council of Trent: 1546. • For Catholics they are inspired, • And are part of the OT Canon.

  22. PROTESTANTS AND DEUTEROCANONICAL BKS • Not acceptable. • The books are “Apocrypha” (hidden). • Caths use apocrypha for non-canonical bks such as: 1stEnock, the Assumption of Moses, and others. Protestants call totally non-canonical bkspseudepigrapha.

  23. OT TIMELINE Go to p.12

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