Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars

1. Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars Discovering useful structures Subject Clause & Writing By Lisa from Wenzhou No.15 Middle School

2. Something about the new teacher I like watching the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory. What? Who? I want to know …? Where? Why? When?

3. Something about the new structure Subject Clause 1. That problempuzzles us. 2. To discuss it is helpful. 3. Your performanceis amazing. 1. Why the sitcom is called The Big Bang Theorypuzzles us. 2. What our classmates have shared is helpful. 3. It is amazingthatyou can perform so well. Definition：A sentence served as the subject in a sentence is called Subject Clause.

4. What is learned in the cradle is carried to the grave. • A bad beginning makes a bad ending. • Children are what the mothers are. • What’s done cannot be undone. • What’s lost is lost. • It’s no use crying over spilt milk. It doesn’t matter that you make mistakes while learning . Conclusion 2:Forms of subject clause 放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

5. Para2: What was it to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago… • …That was not clear whether the shape would last or not. • Para2: That is even more importantis that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. • Para3: It was not immediately obvious water was to be fundamental to the development of life. • Whatever many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to… • Para4: Why they suddenly disappeared still remain a mystery. • Para5: If life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.

6. it was It • Para2: What was it to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago… • …That was not clear whether the shape would last or not. What • Para2: That is even more importantis that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. that • Para3: It was not immediately obvious water was to be fundamental to the development of life. • Whatever many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to… What remains • Para4: Why they suddenly disappeared still remain a mystery. whether • Para5: If life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.

7. Conclusion3：rules of making subject clauses. Rule 1(order): Rule 2(use of it): Rule 3(linking words): Rule 4(subject verb agreement): 1.关联词的选择取决于从句中缺的成分，不缺用that, 表是否概念用whether 2.主语从句中的that不可省略 3. 句首的Whether不可用if取代 4.What与whatever在句中成分相同，但意义不同

8. Para2:What it was to becomewas uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago… • …it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. • Para2:What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. • Para3:It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. • What many scientists believeis that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve gases and acids into the oceans and seas. • Para4:Why they suddenly disappearedstill remains a mystery. • Para5:whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.

9. Something about my new writing The earth is becoming warmer. That is a fact. Will the earth become too hot to live on? The question worries most of us. If so, what should we do then? This idea may amaze you: some scientists suggest we move to Mars. While the possibility of such a project is small, it is not impossible. To realize it,what we need to do? To move to Mars. It is a fact that the earth is becoming warmer. What worries most of us is whether the earth will become too hot to live on. It may amaze you that some scientists suggest we move to Mars. what we need to do is to move to Mars.

10. It is a fact that the earth is becoming warmer. What worries most of usis whether the earth will become too hot to live on. If so, what should we do then? It may amaze you that some scientists suggest we move to Mars. While the possibility of such a project is small, it is not impossible. To realize it, what we need to do is to move to Mars.

11. Problems of moving to Mars • Water • Air/atmosphere • Gravity • Plants • Animals • Temperature • … It is a fact that … It may amaze us that … what we need to do/know/ … … puzzles us most.

12. Share different ideas It is a fact that the atmosphere on Mars is totally different. So it will be difficult for us to breathe there. What puzzles me more is how water can be carried to Mars.

13. Problems of moving to Mars • Water • Air/atmosphere • Gravity • Plants • Animals • Temperature • … It is a fact that … It may amaze us that … what we need to do/know/ … … puzzles us most.

14. Homework Come up with some solutions to your problems and try to write a new paragraph about it. Note: Try to use subject clauses.

15. Something about the new teacher I like reading. I’m reading a book named Men Are From Mars, Women Are From Venus. The book is not about astronomy indeed. I like watching the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory. The sitcom is not about astronomy,either. I love the TV show I’M NOT STAR. However, it has nothing to do with astronomy. ________________________________ impresses me most. ________________________________ puzzles you most. It’s interesting that ________________.