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Barriers and Intervention Methods for Preventing Human Papillomavirus in the Latino Hispanic Community

Barriers and Intervention Methods for Preventing Human Papillomavirus in the Latino Hispanic Community. Gloria Manuel, Marlene Marquez, and Jennifer Nguyen University of Colorado Denver Fall 2013. HPV and Cervical Cancer.

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Barriers and Intervention Methods for Preventing Human Papillomavirus in the Latino Hispanic Community

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  1. Barriers and Intervention Methods for Preventing Human Papillomavirus in the Latino Hispanic Community Gloria Manuel, Marlene Marquez, and Jennifer Nguyen University of Colorado Denver Fall 2013

  2. HPV and Cervical Cancer • HPV is the most common and most costly sexually transmitted disease worldwide • Nearly all cervical cancers are caused by the Human papillomavirus (HPV) strains 16 & 18 • About12,000 cervical cancer cases per year • About 4,000 cervical cancer deaths per year • Approximately 42.5% of U.S. women are infected with HPV at some point in their lives (National Cancer Institute, SEER Data, 2013) (American Cancer Society, 2012)

  3. Incidence and Mortality Rates 1999-2007

  4. HPV-Related Cancers in Women Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975-2009. (JNCI, 2012 )

  5. Cervical Cancer Prevention • HPV Vaccine Recommendations: • Gardasil and Cervarix • Females ages 11-26: 11-17 and 18-26 years old • Males ages 11-21 • 3 doses over 6 months • Reducing Behavioral Risks • Regular use of condoms • Limiting the number of partners (ACS, 2012)

  6. Cervical Cancer Early Detection • HPV Testing Recommendations • Age 30 or older • Abnormal Pap smears • Cervical Cancer Screening Recommendations • Beginning at age 21 • Ages 21 to 29 - Pap test every 3 years • Ages 30 to 65 - Pap test and HPV test every 5 years; OR a Pap test alone every 3 years. (ACS, 2012; CDC, 2013)

  7. Cervical Cancer Risk Factors • HPV infection • Diet • Smoking • Poverty • Oral Contraceptives • Family History (ACS, 2012)

  8. Objective for Cervical Cancer • Healthy People 2020’s objective for cervical cancer is to reduce the mortality rate by 10%

  9. Factors Affecting Cervical Cancer Prevention and Treatment • Cost and Access to Care • Cultural Beliefs/Language • Lack of Knowledge/Literacy Misconceptions • Psychological Factors • Patient/Parents Factors/ Acceptance

  10. Parent & Health Care Provider Factors in Acceptance of Vaccine • Parental consent/acceptance • Barriers for parents • Physicians/pediatricians beliefs and attitudes

  11. Interventions to Reduce Health Disparity • Addressing cost issue • Education • Engaging health care workers • Culturally-tailored interventions • Engage friends and family • Empowering Latinas

  12. Addressing Cost • Discuss cost issue with patients • Financial assistance (e.g., cover cost, co-pays) • Work with the Vaccines for Children program

  13. Increasing Knowledge • Culturally tailored educational materials to increase HPV and vaccines knowledge • Use different methods to educate • Radionovelas • Pamphlets in Spanish • Magazines/Newspapers in Spanish • Focus groups – both adolescents and parents • Provide pediatricians with resources and trainings on how to approach parents

  14. Culturally-Tailored Interventions • Engaging health care workers • Using Promotoras • Culturally tailored interventions • Address barriers to community (i.e. transportation problems), use community-based methods, include schools, churches, etc.

  15. Increase Social Network • Engaging friends and family • Educating parents, peers, siblings • Having informative sessions for parents-only • Empowering women to advocate for themselves and their children

  16. Future Directions • HPV in boys and men • Life of HPV vaccine • Continue building culturally-tailored research and interventions for Latinas NBCLatino.com

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