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Welcome to Print Media: Newspapers! Beginning until 1900's

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emelda
13 diapositives · 289 Views · Oct 12, 2014

This article explores the history of print media from its early days until the 1900s. It highlights the use of town criers and handwritten news sheets, the invention of the printing press by Johann Gutenberg in the 1450s, and the evolution of newspapers. Key milestones include the emergence of the first regularly published gazettes in the mid-1500s and the impact of political events like the English Civil War on press freedom. Notable developments such as the Penny Press, the creation of the Associated Press, and the advent of sensationalism in journalism are also discussed.

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  1. Welcome to Print Media: Newspapers! Beginning until 1900's

  2. Early sources of news: -town criers -Roman handwritten news sheets (50's bc)‏ -tipao- Chinese gov't produced news sheets (200bc)‏

  3. The biggest invention? THE PRINTING PRESS! Johann Gutenberg, Europe, 1450's

  4. Why is this invention so important? CHEAP ACCESSIBLE INFORMATION! THIS ALSO MEANS... Those who control the print, control the population A letter written by Christopher Columbus, reporting on his discoveries, was set in type and circulating in Barcelona before Columbus arrived there in April of 1493.

  5. BIG DATES mid 1500's – Venice gazettes (on war and politics)‏ 1600's – German Weeklies, Belgian Weeklies, Austrian Weeklies, French Weeklies, Spanish Weeklies, English Weeklies, etc.

  6. *This marks the first steady flow of massively produced continental information hitting England. • These newspapers were of two varieties: • *Dutch – 2-4 sheets • *German – 8-24 pamphlet sheets • 1640's – England. First advertisements.

  7. Newspapers and Freedom of the Press -Began HIGHLY regulated -Rarely reported about the country in which they were printed

  8. Newspapers and Freedom of the Press • -English Civil War (1640's -50's– Cromwell pushes freedom of news • *Cromwell changed mind after execution of Charles I when he himself rose to power.

  9. -Late 1600's American newspapers. • Used towards revolution • heavily regulated (when possible). • One regulation • – taxation to eliminate working class information (AKA Stamp Act)‏

  10. More Important Dates 1725 – first NYC newspaper 1798 - The Sedition Act "any false, scandalous and malicious writing...against the the Government of the United States," the Congress or the president, "with intent to...bring them...into contempt or disrepute" punishable by a fine or imprisonment.

  11. 1800 – Jefferson as president largely ignores this Act • 1833 – Penny Press – human interest and short police reports (Sun by B. Day)‏ • 1848 – creation of the Associated Press (using telegraph transmissions)‏

  12. The Associated Press? Figures300-plus locations worldwide.3,700 AP editorial, communications and administrative employees worldwide.Two-thirds of AP's worldwide staff are newsgatherers.49 Pulitzer Prizes, including 30 for photography. The AP news report is: 24 hours a day 7 days a week (Updated March 1, 2010) • In their own words:

  13. Post Civil War – use of Inverted pyramid as attempt to be objective • 1878+ - Pulitzer's “Sensationalism” • Aka Yellow Journalism • Pulitzer And Hearst • 1897 – regular use of photographs in papers begins