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Mitosis vs. Meiosis

Mitosis vs. Meiosis. Mr. Pfeffenberger Madeira Middle School. Background Vocabulary. Homologous Chromosome – chromosomes that are found in pairs that have the same structure and the same size Gamete – sex cells that contain half the usual number of chromosomes. More Background Vocabulary.

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Mitosis vs. Meiosis

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  1. Mitosis vs. Meiosis Mr. Pfeffenberger Madeira Middle School

  2. Background Vocabulary • Homologous Chromosome – chromosomes that are found in pairs that have the same structure and the same size • Gamete – sex cells that contain half the usual number of chromosomes

  3. More Background Vocabulary • Fertilized – the egg is joined by a sperm • Mitosis – cell division that happens in body cells • Meiosis – cell division that produces haploid sex cells such as eggs and sperm cells

  4. Mitosis Meiosis Meiosis

  5. Differences Based on the Diagram • Meiosis produces 4 daughter cells with half the chromosomes 2) Mitosis produces 2 daughter cells with identical chromosomes to the parent

  6. Meiosis ) Mitosis

  7. The numbers • The cells created from mitosis are diploid or 2n. • The cells created from meiosis are haploid or n Definitions: • Diploid (2n) – two of each type of chromosome (in homologous pair – carry the same trait) • Haploid (n) – one of each type of chromosome

  8. Let’s try it… • Human cells have 46 chromosomes. • Therefore, the diploid number (2n) of chromosomes in humans is 46. • The haploid number (n) of chromosomes in humans is 23.

  9. The reason why:mitosis • To replace other cells that have been damaged or worn out • To allow multicellular organisms to grow • For asexual reproduction

  10. The reason why: meiosis • Meiosis results in four cells with half the number of chromosomes so that when the sex cells (sperm and egg) combine, the original or normal number of chromosomes will be restored

  11. Where does it happen? • Mitosis occurs in body cells • Meiosis occurs in the sex cells

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