Bush throwing out first pitch after 9/11 in NYC? Jackie Robinson breaking color barrier?

1. “Our chief want is someone who will inspire us to be what we know we could be.” –Ralph Waldo Emerson • Who are good examples of people that have inspired others? • Can you think of events that have greater meaning than the event itself?

2. Bush throwing out first pitch after 9/11 in NYC? • Jackie Robinson breaking color barrier? • Tommie Smith and John Carlos at 1968 Olympics?

3. Why was this event so important to the U.S.? • Has there ever been any other sporting event that has had this kind of impact on the United States? Do you believe in miracles?!?!

5. Concerns New Right • Believed state gov’ts, businesses and individuals needed freedom from Wash., D.C. • Entitlement program spending was $300 million • Civil Rights Act being abused • Support and promote single issues that reflect key interests • Oppose abortion, block Equal Rights Amendment, evade court-ordered busing, return to school prayer • Criticized affirmative action Emergence of Conservative Movement

6. Conservative Coalition Moral Majority • Alliance of business leaders, middle-class voters, disaffected Democrats and fundamentalist Christian groups • Think Tanks and outside media promotion • Jerry Falwell and Pat Robertson • Interpreted the bible literally and believed in absolute standards of right and wrong • Called for traditional values • “back to God, back to the Bible, back to morality” Conservative Groups

7. “Family Values” • Called for lower divorce rate • Fewer out-of-wedlock births • More individual responsibility • Revival of prosperity and patriotism Individual Conservative Groups

8. Shrink size of federal government and reduce spending • Promote family values and patriotic ideals • Stimulate business by reducing government regulations and lowering taxes • Strengthen the national defense Goals of Conservative Movement

9. Born in Illinois in 1911 • Sports broadcaster for WHO and the Iowa Hawkeyes • Hollywood actor and President of Screen Actors Guild • Spokesmen for GE • Democrat until 1950s then became conservative Republican • Campaigned for Barry Goldwater in 64 • Governor of Cali in 1966 and 1970 Ronald Reagan Bio

10. S.C. decisions on abortion, pornography, teaching of evolution and prayer in public schools concerned conservative voters • Iranian hostage crisis and weak economy • The Great Communicator • Commitment to military and economic strength • 52.6% of people voted; Reagan won 51% of vote but carried 44 states • Republicans get Senate for first time since 1954 Reagan wins election of 1980

11. What is the impact of his attitude? • Why was his attitude precisely what the U.S. needed at the time? • Does his attitude reduce his credibility? • Is President Obama (or any other president you can think of) like this? • Is it bad for someone in a position like this to use humor? The Great Communicator

12. Budget Cuts • Cuts in social programs • Entitlement programs helping middle class remained (Social security, Medicare, Veteran’s Pensions) • 10% cut in budget for mass transit, food stamps, welfare benefit, job training, Medicaid, school lunches, student loans Reaganomics

13. Tax Cuts • Supply-Side Economics: if people paid fewer taxes  they would save $$  banks could then loan $$ to businesses  invest money in resources to improve productivity  supply would increase  prices decrease • Lowered income taxes by about 25% Reaganomics

14. Increased Defense Spending • Increase in military spending offset cuts in social programs • Revived the MX missile and B-1 bomber • Strategic Defense Initiative – SDI – Star Wars: Reagan asked scientists to develop a defense system that would keep Americans safe from enemy missiles Reaganomics

15. Recession: worst since Great Depression • 1983  consumer confidence boosted by tax cuts, decline in interest rates and lower inflation • Stock market surged, unemployment declined, GNP up 10% • Reagan doubled national debt Reaganomics

16. Shift to the Right • Sandra Day O’Connor, Antonin Scalia, and Anthony M. Kennedy on S.C. • William Rehnquist is Chief Justice • Bush adds more conservatives • Looked at issues such as discrimination, abortion and affirmative action • Deregulate the Economy • Cutting back federal regulation of industry • Removed price controls on oil and eliminated federal health and safety inspections for nursing homes • Cut budget of Environmental Protection Agency Changes under Reagan

17. 1984 1988 • Reagan and Bush vs Mondale and Geraldine Ferraro • Carried every state except Minnesota • Michael Dukakis vs Bush • Bush campaigned for no new taxes and used attack ads saying Dukakis was soft on crime and unpatriotic • Low voter turnout Conservative Victories

18. Health Issues Abortion • AIDS: virus that destroys immune system and weakens body • Sharing needles, contaminated blood transfusions, infected mothers giving it to child • Roe v. Wade of 1973 • Pro-Life v. Pro-choice • Webster v. Reproductive Health Care Services: states have right to impose restrictions on abortion Social Concerns

19. Drug Abuse Education • Nancy Reagan’s “Just Say No!” Campaign • Should U.S. legalize certain drugs? • Should we increase money spent on treatment facilities? • A Nation at Risk: 23 million Americans cant follow instruction manual or fill out job application • More homework, longer days and year, increased pay for teachers Social Concerns

20. Urban Crisis • high unemployment • bad infrastructure • inadequate funds for sanitation and health services • Deteriorating schools • Growing divide between wealthy and poor • LA Riots after beating of Rodney King Social Concerns

21. Women • Unable to get Equal Rights Amendment ratified • Geraldine Ferraro • 47 women in House of Representatives in 1992 and 6 Senators • Earn 75 cents for every $1 men make • Pay Equity: pay rates based on job requirements  in 20 states by 1989 • Family benefits Fight for Rights

22. African Americans Latinos • Mayors in LA, Detroit, Chicago, and more • L. Douglas Wilder first governor (1990) • Jesse Jackson • Richmond v. J.A. Croson Company: limited scope of affirmative action • 9% of population by 1990 • Toney Anaya in NM and Robert Martinez in Florida • Issue of bilingual education Fight for Rights

23. Native Americans Asian-Americans • Teach about their past • Return of ancestral lands • Reagan slashed aid to Native Americans  opened up casinos • Low crime rates, low school dropout rates, low divorce rates • High unemployment and poverty Fight for Rights

24. Gay Rights • Setback due to AIDS crisis • 1992 Republican National Convention condemned gay activism Fight for Rights

25. Make an argument for pro-choice or pro-life? • Should we legalize marijuana? • Should we lengthen the school year? School day? Increase pay for teachers? • Should there be bilingual education in schools across the country? • Should men receive the same family benefits as women? • Should same-sex couples be allowed to marry? Questions to Consider

27. 1985 – Mikhail Gorbachev becomes General Secretary of Communist Party • Increases defense spending and economy is pushed to brink of collapse • Glasnost: (openness) open to criticize the gov’t  steps toward freedom of press • Perestroika: less gov’t control of economy, introduction of private enterprise, establish democracy • INF Treaty – on-site inspections of military installations End of the Cold War

28. Gorbachev allows non-communist parties to organize in satellite nations and push toward democracy • Reagan challenges him to back up his words • Berlin wall opened for first time in 28 years • German nations united in 1990 • Countries break away from communism “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall.”

29. Nationalism grows in non-Russian republics • Gorbachev resigns in 1991 • 1992 – Bush and Yeltsin declare end of Cold War and sign START II pact in 1993 Soviet Union Declines

30. Government loosened grip on business and eliminated price controls • Students demand greater voice in gov’t • 1989 – Tiananmen Square • “The government has won the battle here today. But they have lost the people’s hearts.” Communism in China

31. US helps Anastasio Somoza to power in 1930s  very strict dictator • Civil War from 1977-79: National Guard vs. Sandinistas • US sends aid to Sandinistas • In 1981, Reagan cuts aid and supports Contras • 10,000 men in Contra army and aided by CIA agents  Boland Amendment • Feb 25, 1990 – Violeta de Chamorro is elected President in free election Nicaragua

32. Grenada Panama • Reagan sends 2,000 troops to overthrow pro-Cuban government • 18 soldiers die • 20,000 soldiers overthrow General Manuel Antonio Noriega for drug trafficking • Taken by force to Miami for trial and sentenced to 40 years in prison Central American and Caribbean Policy

33. Iran-Contra Scandal Persian Gulf War • 1983 – terrorist group loyal to Iran take Americans hostage in Lebanon • Reagan approves sale of arms to Iran for release of 7 hostages and sends profits to Contras • Oliver North and televised hearings; found guilty of cover-up • Saddam Hussein looking to erase war debts • 1990 – Iraq invades Kuwait • Operation Desert Storm • Kuwait liberated Middle East

34. Rising deficits and recession in 1990 • Forced to raise taxes and approval rating plummeted • Ended 12 years of Republican leadership Bush Domestic Policy