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SOUTHERN REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE

ABT - POWER OF UI. Presentation to the Engineers of KPCL on 4 th August, 2005. POWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED. SOUTHERN REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE. PRESENTATION OVERVIEW. REGIONAL GRIDS – QUICK FACTS SOUTHERN REGIONAL GRID – OVERVIEW GRID OPERATION – TYPICAL ISSUES IN PAST

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SOUTHERN REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE

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  1. ABT - POWER OF UI Presentation to the Engineers of KPCL on 4th August, 2005 POWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED SOUTHERN REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE

  2. PRESENTATION OVERVIEW • REGIONAL GRIDS – QUICK FACTS • SOUTHERN REGIONAL GRID – OVERVIEW • GRID OPERATION – TYPICAL ISSUES IN PAST • PRESENT GRID STATUS – CARDINAL EVENTS • ABT IMPLEMENTATION – KARNATAKA SYSTEM • ABT – UI POOL IN SR GRID

  3. THANK YOU

  4. REGIONAL GRIDSQUICK FACTS

  5. REGIONAL GRIDS INSTALLED CAPACITY NORTHERN :- 31,230 MW EASTERN :- 17,697 MW SOUTHERN :- 32,704 MW WESTERN :- 32,354 MW NORTH-EASTERN :- 2,357 MW TOTAL 116,142 MW NORTHERN REGION NORTH-EASTERN REGION EASTERN REGION WESTERNREGION SOUTHERN REGION

  6. ‘ ELECTRICAL’ REGIONS 1 NORTHERN REGION NORTH-EASTERN REGION EASTERN REGION 2 WESTERNREGION 3 SOUTHERN REGION SAME FREQUENCY FROM GUJARAT TO ARUNACHAL PRADESH WITH EFFECT FROM MARCH 2003 ABOUT 2800 KMS! APART

  7. ‘ELECTRICAL’ REGIONS NORTHERN REGION 1 NORTH-EASTERN REGION EASTERN REGION WESTERNREGION 2 SOUTHERN REGION WITH THE COMMISSIONING OF THE TALA PROJECT CONNECTING THE EASTERN AND NORTHERN GRIDS, INDIA WILL HAVE ONLY TWO GRIDS

  8. Growth of Installed Capacity for Electricity in India

  9. Inter Regional Links 1650 MW 700 MW 1850 MW 900 MW 30,500 MW 2300 16,000 1200 MW 32,700 MW 1200MW Present IR Capacity = 9,500 MW 30,500 MW 2000MW

  10. Sourcewise composition of installed capacity in India(1,16,142 in 2005)

  11. SOUTHERN REGIONAL GRID OVERVIEW

  12. ANDHRA PRADESH KARNATAKA TAMIL NADU KERALA SOUTHERN REGION – GEOGRAPHY POPULATION :- 22.5 CRORES ( 22% OF INDIA) AREA :- 651 (‘000 SQ KM)(19% OF INDIA) INSTALLED CAPACITY:- 31,931 MW(27.6%) WEATHER :- South-west monsoon North-east monsoon SEA COAST :- AROUND 4000 KM

  13. SR STATES – POWER SYSTEM STATISTICS KARNATAKA INSTALLED CAPACITY – 6067 MW MAX DEMAND MET – 5445 MW DAILY CONSUMPTION MAX – 112 MU DAILY CONSUMPTION AVG – 90 MU CONSUMER PROFILE – INDS -26%, DOM-19%, COMM-7%, IRRI-39% & OTHERS-9% ANDHRA PRADESH INSTALLED CAPACITY – 9486 MW MAX DEMAND MET – 7547 MW DAILY CONSUMPTION MAX – 166 MU DAILY CONSUMPTION AVG – 142 MU CONSUMER PROFILE – INDS -27%, DOM-22%, COMM-5%, IRRI-39% & OTHERS-7% KERALA INSTALLED CAPACITY – 2617 MW MAX DEMAND MET – 2426 MW DAILY CONSUMPTION MAX – 39 MU DAILY CONSUMPTION AVG – 34 MU CONSUMER PROFILE – INDS -34%, DOM-44%, COMM-13%, IRRI-2%& OTHERS-7% TAMIL NADU INSTALLED CAPACITY – 7178 MW MAX DEMAND MET – 7708 MW DAILY CONSUMPTION MAX – 159 MU DAILY CONSUMPTION AVG – 131 MU CONSUMER PROFILE – INDS -39%, DOM-25%, COMM-7%, IRRI-24% & OTHERS-5%

  14. SR STATES – GEOGRAPHY KARNATAKA POPULATION :- 5.3 CRORES AREA :- 192 (‘000 SQ KM) NO OF CONSUMERS :- 105 LAKHS PER CAPITA CONS. :- 642 UNITS MAIN AGRICULTURE CROP :- COFFEE & RAGI CLIMATIC CONDITION :- HOT AND HOT & HUMID ANDHRA PRADESH POPULATION :- 7.6 CRORES AREA :- 275 (‘000 SQ KM) NO OF CONSUMERS :- 162 LAKHS PER CAPITA CONS. :- 719 UNITS MAIN AGRICULTURE CROP :- RICE CLIMATIC CONDITION :- HOT AND HOT & HUMID KERALA POPULATION :- 3.2 CRORES AREA :- 39 (‘000 SQ KM) NO OF CONSUMERS :- 61 LAKHS PER CAPITA CONS. :- 386 UNITS MAIN AGRICULTURE CROP :- COCONUT & SPICES CLIMATIC CONDITION :- HUMID ALL INDIA TAMIL NADU POPULATION :- 6.2 CRORES AREA :- 130 (‘000 SQ KM) NO OF CONSUMERS :- 152 LAKHS PER CAPITA CONS. :- 866 UNITS MAIN AGRICULTURE CROP :- SUGAR CANE & OIL SEEDS CLIMATIC CONDITION :- HOT AND HOT & HUMID

  15. GROWTH OF INSTALLED CAPACITY OF SR IN MW Average Growth ~ 5 %

  16. INSTALLED CAPACITY IN SR The above capacity does not includes --- About 1344 MW of Wind Mill Capacity in Tamil Nadu. --- Micro and Captive plants in different states.

  17. GENERATING UNITS IN SOUTHERN REGION A.P TYPICAL GENERATOR SPREAD IN SR KAR - HYDRO - THERMAL KER TN GENERATORS ABOVE 1000 MW - GAS / NAPTHA GENERATORS 500 – 1000 MW - NUCLEAR GENERATORS BELOW 500 MW

  18. TYPICAL LOAD SPREAD IN SR LOAD 500-1500 MW LOAD 200-500 MW

  19. 400KV SUB-STATIONS IN SR KALPAKKA RAMAGUNDAM 1 GAZUWAKA P SIMHADRI KHAMMAM HYDERABAD P P P MAMIDIPALLY P VIJAYAWADA RAICHUR NAGARJUNASAGAR P SRI SAILAM MUNIRABAD P KURNOOL P GOOTY CUDDAPAH 60 P NELLORE DAVANAGERE HIRIYUR NELAMANGALA BANGALORE TALAGUPPA KOLAR P MADRAS -- OF POWERGRID P HOODY HOSUR -- OF NTPC NEYVELI TPS I (EXP) 63 -- OF ANDHRA PRADESH SALEM P NEYVELI -- OF KARNATAKA UDUMALPET TRICHY P -- OF NLC TRICHUR P P P MADURAI TRIVENDRUM

  20. TRANSMISSION IN SOUTHERN INDIA ABOUT 2800 CKM OF 400 KV LINES ADDED IN THE PAST 2 YEARS

  21. TALCHER GRID MAP BHADRAVATI TYPICAL FLOWS ARE FROM NORTH TO SOUTH JEYPORE 178x2 SIMHADRI NTPC 2x221 8x4 RSTPP 400 KV LINE PRESENTLY OPERATED AT 220 KV GAZUWAKA(AP) 1 301x2 189 15x2 P 187 195 VISAKHAPATNAM (POWERGRID) 267x2 KHAMMAM HYDERABAD 317 P P 115 197x2 P MMDP 155 P VIJAYAWADA 146x2 221x2 258 RAICHUR NAGARJUNASAGAR P Nagjhari 279 172 ABOUT 12000 CKM 400KV TRANSMISSION 308 GRID FOCAL POINT SHIFTED TO KOLAR AFTER COMMISSIONING OF HVDC SSLMM MUNIRABAD P KODASAALY 277 52x2 KURNOOL KAIGA SIRSI 120 P N GOOTY CUDDAPAH 60 P DAVANAGERE 300 NELLORE 173 302 KADRA HIRIYUR 330 242 28 NELAMANGALA ALMATHI BANGALORE P MADRAS P KOLAR HOODY TALGUPPA HOSUR MAPS 182 181 63 175 PONDICHERY SALEM 54 P NEYVELI 179 151 164x2 UDUMALPET TRICHY QUANTUM CHANGES IN FLOW PATTERN LIKELY AFTER COMMISSIONING OF KOODANKULAM 2000 MW P 130x2 TRICHUR P P 127 130x2 P MADURAI PALLOM EDAMON THIRNELVALI KAYANKULAM 2x78 KOODANKULAM THIRUVANATHAPURAM

  22. TYPICAL LOAD CURVE OF SR EVENING PEAK SUMMER WINTER MONSOON WEATHER RESERVOIR CONSUMPTION

  23. GRID OPERATIONTYPICAL ISSUES IN THE PAST

  24. GRID OPERATION – TYPICAL ISSUES IN PAST • LOW / HIGH FREQUENCY PROBLEMS • FREQUENCY EXCURSES TO LOW/HIGH VALUES • LOW / HIGH VOLTAGE OPERATION • CRITICALLY LOW VOLTAGES AT LOAD CENTRES • SUBSTANTIALLY HIGH VOLTAGES AT FAR ENDS • SYSTEM BROWNOUTS / BLACK OUTS • SEPERATION OF SYSTEMS / LOSS OF LOAD • ECONOMIC IN-STABILITY / INCREASED ELECTRICAL LOSSES • UNRELIABLE / INEFFICIENT OPERATION OF EQUIPMENT ...THE END RESULT :

  25. GRID PRESENT STATUS

  26. GRID OPERATION –PRESENT STATUS • STABILISED SYSTEM FREQUENCY • IMPROVED VOLTAGES • MERIT ORDER OPERATION • INTER REGIONAL EXCHANGES • IMPROVED GRID SECURITY JAN - 02 JAN - 03 Vol

  27. GRID PRESENT STATUSCARDINAL EVENTS

  28. GRID PRESENT STATUS -- CARDINAL EVENTS • AVAILABILITY BASED TARIFF • UNIFIED LOAD DESPATCH SCHEME • GENERATION ADDITION • INTERREGIONAL AC / HVDC LINKS • OPERATIONAL EXCELLANCE ...THESE EVENTS CHANGED THE FACE OF GRID OPERATION

  29. MONSOONS SOUTH WEST MONSOON NORTH EAST MONSOON

  30. GRID OPERATION: A TIGHT ROPE WALK POWER SWINGS INSTABILITY INCREASED LOSSES BLACK-OUT IN-ECONOMIC OPERATION VOLTAGE COLLAPSE

  31. STABILISED SYSTEM FREQUENCY • TYPICAL FREQUENCY CURVE • SCATTER DIAGRAM • HISTOGRAM OF FREQUENCY • FREQUENCY DURATION CURVE • Df/dT CURVE • RECORD FVI OF 0.04

  32. FREQUENCY PROFILE 2002, 2003&2004

  33. 2004 2003 2002 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

  34. Voltage at Bangalore Jan 02 & 03

  35. ABOUT 16000 MW OF CAPACITY IS BELOW 300 Ps ABOUT14200 MW OF CAPACITY IS BELOW 200 Ps CUM. INS. CAP. ABOUT 7000 MW OF CAPACITY IS BELOW 100 Ps

  36. 49.72 HZ

  37. MERIT ORDER : UNITS BOXED UP

  38. SHARP PEAK DEEP VALLEY DEEP VALLEY

  39. KADAMPARAI PUMP OPERATION SAVINGS OF RS 40 LAKHS EVERY DAY INVESTMENT OF 1600 CRORES SAVED GENERATOR MODE PUMP PUMP THE PUMP MODE WAS NOT UTILISED SINCE INCEPTION!!!

  40. OPPORTUNISTIC UI TRADE POWER EXPORT TO WR ON UI BASIS DURING LOAD CRASH FREQ SAVING OF 30 LAKHS TO BOTH REGIONS

  41. OPERATION ON 31/08/03 (Ganesh Chathurthi) AMOUNT SAVED FOR SR CONSTITUENTS = 107 LAKHS 50 NOS HVDC SETPOINT CHANGES DONE TO ACHIEVE THIS!!!!! Details

  42. FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 12-DEC-04 SHARAVATHI -1 FREQ DROP FROM 49.72 HZ TO 49.27 HZ i.e. ~ 0.45HZ

  43. FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 12-DEC-04 SHARAVATHI -4 FREQ DROP FROM 49.72 HZ TO 49.27 HZ i.e. ~ 0.45HZ

  44. SHARAVATHI GENERATION – TYPICAL DAY FREQ MW

  45. OPTIMAL RESERVOIR UTILISATIONSHARAVATHY IN KARNATAKA THE COST OF GENERATION AT SHARAVATHY IS LESS THAN 20 Ps /UNIT AVERAGE SELLING UI RATE OF KARNATAKA IS 372 Ps/UNIT Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. PLANT OPERATORS AT SHARAVATHY THINK OF THE RESERVOIR LEVEL IN RUPEES RATHER THAN IN FEET!!! Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs.

  46. MAJOR AND MINOR DISTURBANCES SINCE 1994 NO DISTURBANCES DESPITE LOSING ENTIRE SUPER GENERATING PLANTS LIKERAMAGUNDAM,VIJAYAWADA,KOTHAGUDEM, NORTH CHENNAI, SHARAVATHY ETC

  47. SLDC SLDC SLDC SUB LDC SUB LDC SUB LDC RTU RTU RTU Unified Grid Operation National Level NLDC Regional Level ERLDC WRLDC NRLDC SRLDC NERLDC 5 Nos. State HQ Level 32 Nos. Group / Distt Level 51 Nos. Plant / Sub- Station Level 1160 Nos.

  48. Hierarchy of The ULDC Scheme in Southern Region RLDC,Bangalore SCC, Pondy CPCC Hyderabad Kalamassery Chennai Bangalore Andhra Kerala Tamilnadu Karnataka Bangalore Hyderabad Kalam’erry Chennai Lingusugur Cuddapah Kannur Erode Warangal Trivandrum Madurai Hubli Vijayawada

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