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Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Acids. Natural Products Nomenclature Acidity Preparation Reactions. Analgesics. Fats and Fatty Acids. Prostaglandins. Penicillins from mold. From Ergot Fungus. Common Nomenclature. I.U.P.A.C. Nomenclature. Dicarboxylic Acids. A Diacid.

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Carboxylic Acids

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  1. Carboxylic Acids Natural Products Nomenclature Acidity Preparation Reactions

  2. Analgesics

  3. Fats and Fatty Acids

  4. Prostaglandins

  5. Penicillins from mold

  6. From Ergot Fungus

  7. Common Nomenclature

  8. I.U.P.A.C. Nomenclature

  9. Dicarboxylic Acids

  10. A Diacid

  11. Unusually High Melting and Boiling Points

  12. Boiling Points

  13. Acidity is due to Delocalization of the Charge in the Conjugate Base

  14. Alcohol vs. Acid

  15. e- Withdrawing Groups Enhance Acidity

  16. Benzoic acids

  17. Deprotonation

  18. Carboxylic Acid Preparations • Oxidation of 1o alcohols and aldehydes with Na2Cr2O7/H2SO4 • KMnO4 oxidation of alkylbenzenes • Grignard reaction with CO2 (Carboxylation) • Hydrolysis of a carboxylic derivative: e.g. acid chloride, acid anhydride, ester, amide, nitrile

  19. Grignard Reaction with CO2

  20. Mechanism

  21. Hydrolysis of a Nitrile

  22. Reduction of Carboxylic Acids

  23. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Acid Chlorides Acid Anhydrides Esters Amides Nitriles Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

  24. Reactivity of Acid Derivatives

  25. I.U.P.A.C. Nomenclature(uses carboxylic acid template)

  26. Acid Chlorides

  27. Acid Anhydrides

  28. Esters

  29. Amides

  30. Lactones(cyclic esters)

  31. Gamma Hydroxybutyrate

  32. All Acid Derivatives can be Hydrolyzed

  33. What are the 3 Hydrolysis Products?

  34. Draw the Hydrolysis Products

  35. Hydrolysis of Penicillin

  36. Aspartame

  37. Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

  38. Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

  39. Hydrolysis of an Acid Chloride

  40. Acid Chloride Preparation

  41. With Acid Chlorides, No Catalyst is NeededAnhydride Prep.

  42. Ester Preparationfrom an acid chloride

  43. Amide Preparationfrom an Acid Chloride

  44. Amide from Anhydride

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