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4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

Learn about the essential structures of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, and urinary meatus. Understand the external and internal structures of the kidneys, and the different layers of the renal cortex and medulla. Explore the functions of nephrons and the renal pelvis. Discover the role of ureters in transporting urine to the urinary bladder, and the importance of the urinary bladder and urethra in the elimination of waste.

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4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

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  1. 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  2. 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary systemEssential Question What are the structures of the urinary system? 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  3. Warm up • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QT5S4hTdigU&feature=related

  4. Structures of the urinary system Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra Urinary meatus 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  5. Structures of the urinary system Kidneys • Most important excretory organ • Bean-shaped • Located between peritoneum and the back muscles (retroperitoneal) • Held in position by connective tissue • Enclosed in an adipose capsule • Protected by the ribs 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  6. Structures of the urinary system Kidneys (pg 567) • External structures • Renal capsule • Renal hilum • Internal structures • Renal cortex • Renal medulla • Renal pelvis 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  7. Structures of the urinary system External kidney • Renal Capsule • Fibrous layer of connective tissue • Renal hilum • Indentation that gives the kidney its bean-shaped appearance 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  8. Structures of the urinary system Internal kidney (pg 567) • Renal cortex • Outer layer • Renal medulla • Middle layer • Renal pelvis • Innermost layer 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  9. Structures of the urinary system Renal cortex • The outer layer of the kidney between the renal medulla and renal capsule. Composed of millions of microscopic functional units called nephrons 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  10. Structures of the urinary system Each kidney contains about 1.3 MILLION nephrons! Nephron • Functional unit of kidney • Renal corpuscle • Bowman’s capsule • Glomerulus • Renal tubule • Proximal convoluted tubule • Loop of Henle • Distal convoluted tubule • Collecting tubules 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  11. Structures of the Urinary system Renal medulla • Middle, striated layer • RENAL PYRAMIDS are the striated cones. • Base of each pyramid faces cortex, while apex empties into cuplike cavities called CALYCES • Renal columns • Located between the pyramids • Cortical tissue 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  12. Structures of the urinary system Renal pelvis Inner layer • Funnel shaped structure at the beginning of the ureter • A funnel, divided into two or three large collecting cups called major calyces • Each major calyx is divided into several minor calyces, forming cup-shaped areas around the tips of the pyramids 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  13. Structures of the urinary system Ureters Ureters • Muscular tube extending from each kidney to the urinary bladder • Lined by a mucous membrane • 10-12” long 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  14. Structures of the urinary system Urinary bladder • Hollow muscular organ • Located in pelvic cavity • Made of elastic fibers and involuntary muscles 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  15. Structures of the urinary system Female Male Urethra • Connects the bladder to the outside of the body • Female 1-2” long • Male 4-6” long Urinary meatus • Opening to the outside of the body 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  16. 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary systemEssential Question What are the structures of the urinary system? 4.01 Remember the structures of the urinary system

  17. Processing • 4.01 Structures of the Kidney handout, 4.01 Structures of the Nephron handout, Quiz 1 - use text and notes

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