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Jacking of Track (3.27) Get track geometry reading before jacking

1. 2. 3. Jacking of Track (3.27) Get track geometry reading before jacking Do no jacking at crossovers or next to switch locations for x--brace replacement ….instead… install x--bracing at a lower elevation, using a 5/8” thick clip angle attached to the vertical

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Jacking of Track (3.27) Get track geometry reading before jacking

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  4. JackingofTrack(3.27) Gettrackgeometryreadingbeforejacking Donojackingatcrossoversornexttoswitch locationsforx--bracereplacement….instead… installx--bracingatalowerelevation,usinga 5/8”thickclipangleattachedtothevertical legsofthetopflangeangles 4

  5. JackingofTrack Jackonerailatatime,2”max,forea increment Maintaintrackalignment:installtempguide anglestighttotopflangesunderwoodtiesjust outsideinstallationareaatbothendspriorto jacking 5

  6. JackingofTrack Beforejacking: disconnectconduits,air-lines,greaselines, etc.,attachedtotrack Aftercompletion: reconnect 6

  7. JackingofTrack Atabutments: Elevatedtrackrunsintoballastarea Loosenrailsfromtiesinballast Disconnectatnearestjoint,ifpossible Removespikes/pandrolclips Keepballastedties,inplace… Trackprofilewon’tchange 7

  8. ContactRailSafety WorkingunderliveC/R: -nailcontinuous18”widestripof¾”plywoodto bottomoftiesto6’beyondrepairareapriorto start Inwinterweather: removetheboardsaftereaworkdaytoavoid snowaccumulationunderC/R 8

  9. ContactRailSafety GOWorkattracklevelnearliveC/R: wrapC/Rwrubbermatto6’beyondrepairarea WorkingnearC/Rwpoweroff: havelightbank&audiblealarmconnected 9

  10. Welding(3.16a–c) Notpermittedformembersorconnections subjecttoimpactorfatigueloading Shopweldingotherwiseallowed Fieldweldingnotpermittedexceptforbldgs (nogroovewelds) Stiffenersweldedtocomprflange&webonly …nottensionflange Electricarc/lohydrogenelectrodes 10

  11. Welding(3.16c–e) PerAmerRailwayEngrg/MOW/AISC Workmanship:AWS Allweldedjointproceduresshallbepre- qualifiedperD1.1sect4…however…. …submitweldprocedureforapprovalonAnnex Eforms 11

  12. Welding(3.16c–e) Allwelds:visualinspection Allshop&fieldfillets:magneticparticle (E709) Allshopgroove:ultrasonic(E164) Consultantforfieldwelds:fulltime;5yrexp; providesweldcertification&testreports Takecouponsofexistingsteel&test(3.27g) 12

  13. WELDINGSYMBOLS •Solidflag=afieldweld 13

  14. WELDING •¼“filetweldrequiredatpointofthearrow 14

  15. WELDING •Weldonbothsidesofthejoint 15

  16. WELDING •Circle=weldallaround 16

  17. WELDING •Quarterinch=lengthofweldleg •Calledtheweldsize 17

  18. 18

  19. WELDING actualthroat-shortestdistancebetwweld root&faceofafilletweld TOE 19

  20. WELDING effectivethroat-minimumdistanceminusany convexitybetwweldroot&faceofafilletweld 20

  21. WELDING rootopening:separationatjointrootbetwthe workpieces 21

  22. WELDING •Trianglesnotaligned:weldsarestaggered •2-8=2”weldsspaced8”apart 22

  23. WELDING •Maybeeasierto weldgussetto columninfield vsafabricated bolted connection 23

  24. FieldWelding Rules-of-thumb: noweldswherecalculatedstressexceeds50% ofworkingstress notransverseweldsacrosstensionmembers noweldswherecalculatedstressexceedsthree ksiunlessshored makeallweldsparalleltostresslines 24

  25. WeldabilityofOldSteel Cut/drillsamplesfromredundantpartsofexisting steel Testmechanicallyforductility Testchemicallyforcarboncontent,phosphorus (increasedbrittleness)&hisulfur(porouswelds) takefromthickestpartsofmembers(usuallyexhibit greatestpropertyfluctuation) lo-hydrogenelectrodes&preheatingcanimprove weldabilityofmostbasemetal 25

  26. WeldabilityOn–SiteTest •Welddeformsw/ofracturing: weldable •Weldseparatesfrombasemetalat junctionofweld&base:basemetal subjecttohardening(hicarbon content •Separationexhibitsagraygranular surface&followsprofileofheat affectedzone,appearingasa shallowcraterinbasemetal 26

  27. AvoidUndercutting •Undercutpotential:haveundercutoccurinnewmat’l •Undercutmemberintensionorsubjecttofatigue:grind out/fillwsoundmetal/grindsmooth •Keepgrindmarks//tostresslinesorreducegrind 27 profilebyfinishingwltpress

  28. HAZ •HeatAffectedZone:1/8”-3/16”widthbetwmoltenweld rod+basemetal(1,250-2,700°Frange) •InHAZ,changesinmolecular&steelgrainstructure •Cracks~dontstartinHAZ…butinunsoundweldmetal nearby&travelintobasemetal •Steelmelts~2,800°F •1,333°F+:austeniticchanges •1,500°F:yield~0;losesmagneticproperties •1,200°F:maxforheatcamberingorstraightening •500-600°F:maxstrength,butlossofductility 28

  29. Quiz#5 Howshouldyoudealwithrepairplate interferencewexistingsteel? Howtodealwgussetshiddenunderties? Whatdeliverablesshouldpostdesigninclude? Howdoyoukeeptrackalignedwhenjacking it? 29

  30. SteelErection 30

  31. FRAMING •Spandrel(girt)isonperimeter&transmits exteriorwallloadstocolumns 31

  32. FRAMING •Rafters:*closely spacedbeams *supportroof *run//toslope •Purlinsspan between •Flatroofs: rafters-called joists 32

  33. OpeningthruaFloor 33

  34. Erection:Column/FootingPrep Use multiple shim plates with heavy columns 34

  35. Erection:Column/FootingPrep •Markfootingw C/Lsinea direction •Markeacolumn baseplatewC/Ls •Linethemup whensetting LEVELING column SHIMS 35

  36. OSHAGuidelinesfora Site-specificErectionPlan Controllingcontractormustprovidewritten noticeto steelerectorensuringthat[1926.752(a)]: •Concreteftgs,piers&wallsarecuredtolevelto provideadequatestrengthtosupportanyforces imposedduringsteelerection[1926.752(a)(1)] •Anchorboltrepairs,replacements&modsweredone wapprovalofprojectStructuralEngineerofRecord (SER)[1926.752(a)(2)&1926.755(b)(1)] 36

  37. OSHAGuidelinesfora Site-specificErectionPlan Controllingcontractormustprovide&maintain [1926.752(c)]: •Accessroadsinto&thrusitethatareadequatefor safedelivery&movementof:derricks,cranes, trucks&othernecessaryequipment&mat’l •Holdconferences&siteinspectionsbetweenerector &controllingcontractor&fabricatorbeforestartof steelerection 37

  38. OSHA:Site-specificErectionPlan Components: •Sequenceoferection,developwcontractor: *Materialdeliveries:staging/storage *Coordinationwothertrades •Craneselection&placementprocedures: *Sitepreparation/Pathforoverheadloads *Criticallifts,inclriggingsupplies/equipment 38

  39. OSHA:Site-specificErectionPlan Erectionactivities/procedures: •Stabilityrequiringtemporarybracing&guying •Erectionbridgingterminuspoint •Anchorboltnotifications: repair/replacement/modifications •Column/beaminstallationincljoists/purlins 39

  40. OSHA:Site-specificErectionPlan Erectionactivities/procedurescont’d: •ConnectionsinclOrnamental/misciron •Fallprotectionprocedures •Fallingobjectprotection •Specialproceduresforhazardousnon-routine tasks •Certificationforeaemployeetrainedforsteel erectionoperations 40

  41. OSHA:Site-specificErectionPlan Erectionactivities/procedurescont’d: •Listthequalified&competentpersons •Describerescueoremergencyresponseprocedures Haveplansigned&datedbythequalifiedpersons responsibleforitspreparation&modification 41

  42. F1,1.1,2 E1,2 B5A13 B532,510 B511,5A6 B512 B513,514 D18,25,20 D30,43,21 D32,45,21 D24,23,20 42 ErectionSequence(1.13)

  43. ErectionSequence Workoutsequencewfabricatorearly Makeatiersequencelistingwforeman Layoutsteelinsequencetobeinstalled Markleftside/westsideofbeamorbottomof acolumntoallowironworkertoknowcorrect endposition Fabr’s Bolt sched-eaconn:B5A13-B512: #;dia;length;grade;nuts;washers;grip Markinfofromboltlistoneaend/eapiece 43

  44. ColumnLifting 44

  45. ColumnLifting Tagline-usedtopullpinoutofshacklesafter weightisoff 45

  46. SecondTierandup… Putinstairs&handrailsbeforestartingnext tier Easier&saferforworkerstogettoupper levels 46

  47. Lifeonthe50thTier(50-65pcs/day) 47

  48. ErectionCrew(3.24) •Lightly driftsholes fordrawing together;not forfair aligning •Install50% bolts…min 48

  49. Bolt--UpCrew •Plumbsframeusing turnbuckles •Fillsallholesw permanentbolts •Reams unfair holes •Alsofor stabilizing frame 49

  50. Reaming-rehabwork •Nolubricantneeded •Allholes:1/16”>spec’dbolt •Canusearegulardrill-makesamess •Reamed,oblonghole:3/16”max,largerthanbolt used(3.27e4) •Usenextsizedrillbit&largerbolt:mayslipin smallerbolt •Drillshavingsatironworkersfeet:he’sbeen 50 reaming

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