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Early Human Lecture Notes

This overview delves into the early stages of human history, starting around 5,500 years ago with the advent of writing and gradually examining the contributions of archaeologists who study ancient artifacts. We explore the Stone Age, the roles of nomadic hunter-gatherers, the transformative use of fire for survival during the Ice Ages, and the development of language, art, and tools. The transition to the Neolithic Age marked a significant shift as people began to domesticate animals and cultivate crops, leading to settled societies and specialization.

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Early Human Lecture Notes

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  1. Early HumanLecture Notes

  2. Tools to Discover • Historians tell us that history began about 5,500 years ago when people began to write • What we know about the earlier people comes from things they left behind • Archaeologists dig up and study artifacts • The early period of human history is called the StoneAge • Why is it called this?

  3. Who were the Hunter-Gatherers? • During the Stone Age, early Paleolithic people spent most of their time using stones to make weapons. • These people were always on the move and were called nomads • Roles of Paleolithic women = stayed close to home, looked after children, searched nearby woods for food like berries and fruit • Roles of Paleolithic men = hunted animals, and made tools for the kill

  4. Adapting to the Environment • Paleolithic people made a life-changing discovery when they learned to tame fire. • List 4 uses/benefits of fire • 1. For heat • 2. For Food • 3. For light • 4. Scare predators

  5. What were the Ice Ages? • Fire was a key to survival of Paleolithic people during the Ice Ages. • Early humans had to do a few things to adapt to the conditions such as change their diet,build sturdier shelters, and use animal furs to make warm clothing

  6. Language, Art, and Religion • Spoken language made it far easier for people to work together and to pass on knowledge • Early people also expressed themselves through art, which was put on cave walls

  7. Invention of Tools • Paleolithic people were the first to use technology - tools and methods to help humans perform tasks • List a few of the earliest forms of technology in the blank space provided

  8. Neolithic Times • After the last Ice Age ended people began to domesticate or tame animals. • How did the people use animals • People also learned how to grow grains, which allowed people to stay in one place. • Farming replaced hunting and gathering • This change marked the beginning of the Neolithic Age

  9. Benefits of a settled life • What made it possible for people to begin specializing?

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