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Characteristics of Living Things

1. Cells are Basic Units of Structure and Function. Cell theory

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Characteristics of Living Things

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    1. Characteristics of Living Things Made up of units called cells Reproduce Based on a universal genetic code Grow and develop Obtain and use materials and energy Respond to the environment Maintain a stable internal environment Taken as a group, change over time

    2. 1. Cells are Basic Units of Structure and Function Cell theory Hooke (cork), van Leeuwenhoek (first living cells?), *Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow Prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic: P: no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles E: nucleated with membrane-bound organelles

    3. Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic Cell

    4. 2. Reproduce Organisms produce like organisms. Life comes only from life. Theory of Biogenesis.

    6. 3. Based on a genetic code. DNA Code of life Double helix composed of nucleotides

    7. Structure of DNA nucleotides are repeating units

    8. 4. Growth and Development Grow is to change in size. Develop is to change in shape and form. ***DNA directs patterns of growth and development.

    10. 5. Obtain materials and use energy Producers (autotrophs) plants or any other organism that can make its own food sources. EX. Plants -- photosynthesis

    12. Use Energy 2 basic pathways: 1. Cellular respiration takes in food, breaks it down into glucose, converts to ATP (bodys gasoline) 2. Photosynthesis uses sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make glucose (then, the photosynthetic orgs go through cellular resp.)

    13. 6. Environmental Response Response: a reaction to a stimulus Ex. Get cold, put on a jacket

    14. Boy, that water sure looks cool and refreshing

    15. 7. Maintain a stable internal environment Organisms are looking for HOMEOSTASIS -- process where organisms try to reach a steady-state or balance Keep in mind that living orgs NEVER reach a perfect balance it is a constant balancing act of overshooting and undershooting the goal

    16. 8. Change over time -- evolution Evolve means to change over time EVOLUTION is the gradual accumulation of adaptations over time that help a group of organisms survive and be able to produce new offspring that would demonstrate the BEST combination of adaptations SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST!!!

    17. Changes in beetle populations over time

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