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The Problem of Scale in Evolution

This educational module is designed for an introductory-level course on evolution, catering to 100+ students. The focus is on teaching students about divergence from common ancestors, instilling a tree-like perspective of evolution rather than the outdated ladder-like view. Key concepts such as natural selection, population variation, and the distinction between genotype and phenotype are explored. Through interactive activities, students will assess the time scales of morphological variation in diverging populations, enhancing their understanding of evolution's complexity.

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The Problem of Scale in Evolution

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  1. The Problem of Scale in Evolution Jillian Banks, Jeremy Brown, Cindy Gordon, Chris Gregg, Travis Marsico, Chris Osovitz, Rebecca Symula Evolution II – We Rule!!

  2. Context • Designed for 100+ student, introductory-level course • Designed for the final day of a week long module on evolution • Prior knowledge • Students will understand divergence from a common ancestor; i.e., they will have a tree-like rather than a ladder-like view of evolution • Students will understand natural selection, population, variation, inheritance, genotype, and phenotype

  3. Organizational scale Natural selection Organism phenotype Protein phenotype Genotype

  4. Spatial scale rosarubicondior.blogspot.com

  5. Time scale earth-time.org

  6. Approximately how long would you expect it to take for diverging populations to display morphological variation? • 100 years • 100,000 years • 1,000,000 years • 1,000,000,000 years • It varies Response Counter

  7. Activity • Pair up with another person • Rank your cards according to instructions provided (5 min) • ‘A’ group pair with a ‘B’ group and compare: • What you based your rankings on (morphology or time) • The rankings themselves (2 min) • Flip your cards over, preserving the order of rankings. There is one correct sequence of colors which applies to both groups. • Do your two groups match? Why or why not? Discuss! (3 min)

  8. 0.01 million years ago commons.wikimedia.org brittanica.com

  9. ≥3 million years ago flickriver.com flickriver.com

  10. ~300 million years ago 0000050603428.deviantart.com cs.trinity.edu

  11. ~375 million years ago www.cisfbr.org.uk commons.wikimedia.org

  12. Sequence Morphology Time

  13. Approximately how long would you expect it to take for diverging populations to display morphological variation? • 100 years • 100,000 years • 1,000,000 years • 1,000,000,000 years • It varies Response Counter

  14. Learning Outcome • Students will resolve the misconception that evolution occurs at a single time scale

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