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Chapter 1

0. Chapter 1. System Concepts. 0. What is a System?. Set of inter-related components with a clearly defined boundary Working together to achieve objectives. 0. Simple Example. Heating System Objective : Control the temperature inside a building Components : Furnace Thermostat

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Chapter 1

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  1. 0 Chapter 1 System Concepts

  2. 0 What is a System? • Set of inter-related components with a clearly defined boundary • Working together to achieve objectives

  3. 0 Simple Example Heating System • Objective: Control the temperature inside a building • Components: • Furnace • Thermostat • Building

  4. 0 General Components • Every system has some form of • Input, and • Output • Processing is often required to transform the input to output • Systems have some point of Control • Systems often provide Feedback

  5. 0 Simple Example Heating System • Input: Fuel Source, Desired Temperature, Actual Temperature • Processing: If Actual Temp. < Desired then burn fuel to produce heat • Output: Heat or no heat (depending on Input)

  6. 0 Simple Example Q: In a heating system, what could trigger the furnace to turn on? Q: In a heating system, what could trigger the furnace to turn off?

  7. 0 Feedback Feedback is data about the performance of a system. Example: Data about sales performance is feedback to a sales manager In a heating system, feedback would be the change +/- of the actual temperature.

  8. 0 Control • Control involves monitoring and evaluating the feedback to determine whether the system is achieving its goals. • Heating System Example: • Goal: keep the building at 65 degrees • Feedback: Temp falls to 62. • Control: Turn on or turn up the furnace.

  9. 0 Control & Feedback • A thermostat is a control unit of a heating system. • Makes control decisions based on feedback. • Good systems have self-monitoring control built into them (Cybernetic). • Imagine trying to regulate the temperature in a room without a thermostat.

  10. 0 Important Terminology • Cybernetic System • Sub-system • Open System • Adaptive System • System Parameter • System Variable

  11. 0 Business Systems An Information System helps process Input into Output but it is also the backbone for directing feedback to Management (Control)

  12. These are the 5 components of an IS 0 Information System Components In some sense providing Feedback is the primary objective of all these components and activities These are IS Activities

  13. 0 IS Resources and Products

  14. 0 IS Activities

  15. Data raw facts no context just numbers and text Information data with context processed data value-added to data summarized organized analyzed 0 Data vs. Information

  16. Data vs. Information • Data: 51006 • Information: • 5/10/06 The date of you final exam. • $51,006 The average starting salary of an accounting major. • 51006 Zip code of Battle Creek Indiana.

  17. Data vs. Information Information Data • 6.34 • 6.45 • 6.39 • 6.62 • 6.57 • 6.64 • 6.71 • 6.82 • 7.12 • 7.06

  18. Lufthansa Case pp 23 • Questions: • What type of Information System is described? (TSP, PCS, ECS, MIS, DSS, EIS?) • What are the components: People, Hardware, Software, Networks, Data?

  19. Luftansa Case • Q: Are Lufthansa’s challenges similar to those being experienced by other businesses? • Provide a mobile workforce • Distribute training activities during non-productive periods • Redefine processes to take advantage of new mobile technologies

  20. Luftansa Case • Q: Lufthansa was taking a risk with their decision to deploy notebook computers to their pilots. What steps did they take to manage that risk?  • Ensured that technical specs for the equipment were acceptable to both pilots and the union. • Increase user buy-in by providing alternatives to cumbersome tasks (such as carrying manuals and technical documents around) • Standardization to reduce support and upgrade costs • Structured the process in phases; obtain feedback before mass implementation

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