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English 121 09/13/05

English 121 09/13/05. Topics: Your first homework assignment World English(es) Standard English(es). Your homework. Subsystems of language phonology/phonetics morphology syntax semantics pragmatics language variation. The systematic nature of language.

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English 121 09/13/05

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  1. English 12109/13/05 Topics: Your first homework assignment World English(es) Standard English(es)

  2. Your homework • Subsystems of language • phonology/phonetics • morphology • syntax • semantics • pragmatics • language variation

  3. The systematic nature of language • A connection between sounds, words, thoughts, and actions • At some level, these connections are culturally specific • Example 1: an essay for a class in English has a thesis and support • Example 2: How do you refuse an invitatio to a party?

  4. Cross Language comparison • Lexical differences • mistake---errore/Fehler/erreur • Word order • Adjective noun order ADJ N N ADJ terrible mistake mistake terrible • Article a/the/0

  5. Order of sentence elements Object Subject Verb a terrible mistake I made (OSV) Verb Subject Object made I a terrible mistake (VSO) Subject Verb Object I made a terrible mistake (SVO)

  6. Words that you made up • Scmoch a. Not eating a proper lunch • Kongheart b. say “hello” to someone again • Cerealed c. A sarcastic kind of goodness • Re-hi d. Used to replace the annoying him/her distinction • Kamakazeestylee e. Those who voted for Bush due to the “God Issue” • Herm f. A strong person with a lot of heart • Godical g. Participating in an activity with reckless abandon • Matt Williams h. A failure • superfantasterrific i. Annoying or exasperating

  7. Answers • I • F • A • B • G • D • E • H • C

  8. How many speakers of English? • Native speakers • Second language users • Foreign language users

  9. 1.9 billion speakers • including nearly 350 million native speakers

  10. Why English? • Historical reasons —Imperialism/colonialism • Political reasons —English used as a “neutral means of communication • Economic reasons —pressure for other countries to use the same language as an economic power • Practical reasons—English used for air travel, sea travel,, many businesses • Intellectual reasons—most academic information, most electronic information • Entertainment reasons—music, movies, video games

  11. Is English linguistically superior to other languages? • Is it more logical? • Does it sound more beautiful? • Is it easier to pronounce? • Is it more simple?

  12. The answer to all of these questions is a resounding… NO!

  13. 1.9 million speakers? The circles of English

  14. The circles of English • Does everyone speak the same form of English among all of the circles? • Does everyone speak the same form of English within each circle?

  15. Terms used to describe use and teaching of Englishes EAP-English for Academic Purposes EFL—English as a Foreign Language EIL-English as an International Language ENL-English as a Native Language ESL-English as a Second Language ESP-English for Specific Purposes EST-English for Science and Technology TESOL-Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages TEFL-Teaching English as a Foreign Language TESL-Teaching English as a Second Language TEIL-Teaching English as an International Language

  16. Terms used to describe English Language Users L1-First Language L2-Second Language NNV-Non-native variety of English MT-Mother tongue (or NL-Native Language) WE-World English

  17. Standard English—What it isn’tPeter Trudgill http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/dick/SEtrudgill.htm • Not a language--a variety of language • Not an accent—people with different accents still can speak a standard • Standard English is not a style a. Father was exceedingly fatigued subsequent to his extensive peregrination. b. Dad was very tired after his lengthy journey. c. The old man was bloody knackered after his long trip . If a standard speaker said “c”, does this mean that the person is no longer speaking standard English?

  18. So what is it? • A socially-prestigious dialect of English • Contains regional varieties

  19. Countries in Which English Isan Official Language (red areas)

  20. World English and a Standard Variety? • Is there a World Standard English? • If so, where is it spoken?

  21. Thursday • Quiz #1 • Material: SOE Chapter 1, CEEL 2-7; 396-402; 106-111, lectures, film “An English-Speaking World” • 25 Multiple-choice questions • The quiz will be given at the start of class. • CEEL 8-29—Old English

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