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The Atlantic World 1492 - 1800

The Atlantic World 1492 - 1800. Ch 20.1 Spanish Conquests in the Americas. Columbus Opens the Atlantic 1492 - 1503. Began the European conquest of the Americas beginning of globalization By end of his 4 journeys, Spain had colonized much of the Caribbean. Other Explorers take to the Seas.

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The Atlantic World 1492 - 1800

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  1. The Atlantic World1492 - 1800 Ch 20.1 Spanish Conquests in the Americas

  2. Columbus Opens the Atlantic1492 - 1503 • Began the European conquest of the Americas • beginning of globalization • By end of his 4 journeys, Spain had colonized much of the Caribbean

  3. Other Explorers take to the Seas • 1500: Pedro Cabral claims Brazil for Portugal • 1501: Amerigo Vespucci discovers that the land is a “New World”

  4. Ferdinand Magellan’s Mission Circumnavigates the World 1519 - 1521

  5. The Conquistadors • Spanish explorers who claimed much of the Americas for Spain • Destroyed the native civilizations of Central & South America

  6. Hernán Cortés Conquers the Mighty Aztec Empire (1521) • Used guns, horses, & local enemies to conquer a larger force. • King Moctezuma II was killed & Tenochtitlan destroyed

  7. Francisco Pizarro Conquers the Inca of Peru (1532) • Captured their king Atahualpa & then the capital of Cuzco.

  8. European Diseases Eradicate the Native Populations • Without natural immunities, Native Americans died from Smallpox, Measles, & Typhus by the millions. • Native population may have declined by 90% between 1500 & 1800.

  9. Spanish kill millions through War & Slavery • Encomienda: System of forced labor • Conditions led to many deaths • Revolts were common, but unsuccessful

  10. Bartolomé de las Casas • Jesuit priest who wrote of the destruction of the West Indies

  11. Effect of Spanish Conquest • Native population declined • Large Mestizo population • mixed Spanish & Native American • Spain became too wealthy • Other Europeans became interested in American colonization

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