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RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION. From Hazardous Atmospheres 29 CFR 1910.134. EFFECTIVE DATES. January 8, 1998 - OSHA Publishes Standard April 8, 1998 - Effective Date September 8, 1998 - Determination Date That Respirators Are Required And Who Will Wear Them

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RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

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  1. RESPIRATORY PROTECTION From Hazardous Atmospheres 29 CFR 1910.134

  2. EFFECTIVE DATES • January 8, 1998 - OSHA Publishes Standard • April 8, 1998 - Effective Date • September 8, 1998 - Determination Date That Respirators Are Required And Who Will Wear Them • October 5, 1998 - Total Compliance With All Provisions Of Standard

  3. REVISIONS TO STANDARDS • Respirators Deleted From All Other Substance Specific Standards • Previous Respirator Standard Renumbered As .139 And Designated Temporarily As M. tuberculosis Standard • All Respirator Issues Are Now In 1910.134

  4. RESPIRATOR PROGRAM • Requires A Written Program With Worksite-Specific Procedures When Respirators Are Needed • Must Keep Updated As Needed • A Program Administrator Is Required For The Entire College • College Must Provide Respirators, Training, And Medical Evaluations At No Cost To Employees

  5. Selection Medical Evaluation Respirator Use Maintenance And Care Fit Testing Breathing Air Quality And Use Training Program Evaluation RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS

  6. WHERE RESPIRATORS ARE USED BUT NOT REQUIRED • If Respirators Will Not Create A Hazard And If Requested, College May Furnish Respirators • If Approved, Employees May Wear Their Own, But Must Follow Program Requirements • Voluntary Use Of Filtering Facepieces (Face Masks) Does Not Have To Be Included In The Written Materials

  7. PERMISSIBLE PRACTICES • Engineering Controls (Enclosures, Confinement Of Operations, Ventilation, Use Of Less Toxic Materials) Are Primary Means To Control Hazards • When Effective Engineering Controls Are Not Available, Respirators Will Be Used • Respirators Will Be Applicable To And Suitable For The Purpose Intended • Employer Will Be Responsible For Program

  8. SELECTION OF RESPIRATORS • College Will Select And Provide An Appropriate Respirator Based On The Respiratory Hazards To Which The Worker Is Exposed, Workplace Factors, And User Factors That Affect Respirator Performance And Reliability • Respirators Will Be Selected From A Sufficient Number Of Models And Sizes To Ensure Correct Fit And Comfort

  9. RESRIRATOR PROTECTION TRAINING • Employers (Managers And Supervisors) Must Provide Appropriate And Effective Training To Employees Who Are Required To Use Respirators

  10. RESRIRATOR PROTECTION TRAINING • Employees That Use Respirators Must Be Trained And Demonstrate Skill Or Knowledge Of At Least: • Why It Is Necessary And How Improper Use And Care Can Compromise It’s Effectiveness • It’s Limitations And Capabilities • How To Put On, Remove, Use, And Inspect • How To Maintain And Store • General Requirements Of This Standard

  11. RESRIRATOR PROTECTION TRAINING • Training Must Be Provided Prior To Use • Retraining Required Annually, And When: • Prior Training Becomes Obsolete • Employee’s Skill Or Knowledge Is Inadequate • Other Situation Arises In Which Retraining Appears Necessary

  12. EMPLOYEE EXPOSURE • Exposure To A Concentration Of An Airborne Contaminant That Would Occur If The Employee Were Not Using Respiratory Protection

  13. RESPIRATORY INLET COVERING • That Portion Of A Respirator That Forms The Protective Barrier Between The User’s Respiratory Tract And An Air-Purifying Device Or Breathing Air Source • May Be A Facepiece, Helmet, Hood, Suit, Or Mouthpiece Respirator With A Nose Clamp • May Be Tight Fitting Or Loose Fitting

  14. HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERES • Oxygen Deficient • Toxic Contaminated • Environmental Pollution • Combination • Immediately Dangerous To Life Or Health (IDLH) • Note: All Can Be Either Acidic Or Alkaline

  15. OXYGEN DEFICIENT • An Atmosphere With An Oxygen Content Below 19.5% By Volume • Spaces Where Oxygen May Be Depleted By Use (Confined Spaces, Boilers, Tanks, Etc.) • Space Where Decomposition Of Organic Material Is Going On (Sewers, Silos, Basements, Etc.)

  16. TOXIC CONTAMINATED • Particles • Gases • Fumes • Vapors • Mists

  17. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION • Dust • Spray • Fumes • Vapors • Smoke • Harmful Gases

  18. TWO BASIC TYPES OF RESPIRATORS • Air Purifying - Removes Contaminates Before Reaching Breathing Zone • Atmosphere Supplying - Provides Fresh Air From An External Source

  19. AIR PURIFYING • May Be Particulate Removing • Vapor And Gas Removing • A Combination Of The Two • Uses A Replaceable Cartridge Or Canister

  20. AIR PURIFYINGUSE LIMITATIONS • Just Enough Oxygen To Sustain Breathing • Contaminate Is Known And Cannot Exceed Facepiece Limitations • Contaminates Are Not IDLH • Always Treat Oxygen-Deficient Air As IDLH

  21. ATMOSPHERE SUPPLYING • Type 1 - Airline Respirator. Air Is Pumped To The User From Outside • Type 2 - Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

  22. AIRLINE RESPIRATOR • Has A Pressure Demand Nozzle That Allows User To Control Air Flow • Use Grade D Breathing Air • May Be Used With A Hood Or Helmet To Supply Continuous Air • Tight Fitting • Hose Limited To 300 Feet • Some Mobility Restriction

  23. SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS • Breathing Air Provided From Pressurized Tanks • Provides Highest Level Of Protection And Mobility • Commonly Used In Rescue Or Emergency Situations • Limited To Air In Tanks (30 Or 60 Minutes) • Positive Pressure Provides Protection For Both Oxygen Deficient And IDLH

  24. RESPIRATOR SELECTION • Must Fit The Wearer And Be Comfortable • Must Be The Type Which Best Abates The Hazards To Be Faced • Atmosphere Hazard Evaluation Determines Which One To Wear • Never Substitute Or Chance Another One Will Provide Adequate Protection

  25. WRITTEN PROTECTION PLAN • Entire Program To Be Assigned To A Trained And Competent Person • Describes In Detail The Hazard Evaluation Process • Contains SOP For Respirator Selection, Use, And Maintenance

  26. WRITTEN PROTECTION PLAN • Contains Results Of Analysis Of Atmospheric Contaminants • Physical And Chemical Properties • Adverse Health Effects • Warning Properties • Permissible Exposure Limits (PELS) • Other Accepted Exposure Limits

  27. WRITTEN PROTECTION PLAN • Additional Plan Criteria • Results Of Workplace Atmospheric Testing • Nature Of The Work • Activities That Are To Be Performed • Time Expected To Complete The Task • Written Plan To Be Made Available To All Involved Employees

  28. FIT TESTING • Before An Employee Uses Any Respirator With A Negative Or Positive Pressure Tight-Fitting Facepiece, The Employee Must Be Fit Tested With The Same Make, Model, Style, And Size Of Respirator That Will Be Used • Must Be Administered Using An OSHA Accepted Protocol Such As That Contained In Appendix A

  29. FIT TESTING • Respirators Rely On Face-To-Mask Seal • Fit Testing Determines Which Device Will Best Fit And Seal • Stubble, Beard, Hairlines, Glasses, And Goggles Will Negatively Affect Fit • Corrective Lenses May Be Mounted Inside The Facepiece

  30. FIT TEST PROCEDURES • Fit Testing Should Be Conducted Annually • More Often If Facial Features Change Or A Different Respirator Is To Be Used • Users Of Tight Fitting Respirators Must Perform A Seal Test Each Time They Are Used

  31. TYPES OF FIT TESTING • Qualitative (QLFT) - Challenge Agent, Vapor, Or Aerosol Released • Fit Is Inadequate If A Presence Of The Agent Is Detected (Irritation, Taste, or Odor) • Quantitative (QNFT) - Measures Actual Level Of Agent Both Inside And Outside The Respirator

  32. FIT TESTING • QLFT May Only Be Used To Fit Test Negative Pressure Air Purifying Respirators That Achieve A Fit Factor Of 100 Or Less • A Fit Factor Of At Least 100 For Tight- Fitting Half Facepieces, Or 500 For Tight-Fitting Full Facepieces From A QNFT Will Be Acceptable

  33. FIT FACTOR • A Quantitative Estimate Of The Fit Of A Particular Respirator To A Specific Individual, And Typically Estimates The Ratio Of: • Concentration Of A Substance In Ambient Air • Concentration Inside The Respirator When Worn

  34. FILTERS • A Component Used In Respirators To Remove Solid Or Liquid Aerosols From Inspired Air • Also Called An Air Purifying Element

  35. HEPA FILTERS • High Efficiency Particulate Air • Removes 99.97% Of Particles That Are 0.3 Micrometers In Diameter

  36. CANISTER OR CARTRIDGE • A Container With A Filter, Sorbent (Catalyst), Or Combination Of These Items, Which Removes Specific Contaminants From The Air Passed Through The Container

  37. SERVICE LIFE • The Period Of Time That A Respirator, Filter, Sorbent, Or Other Respiratory Equipment Provides Adequate Protection To The Wearer

  38. END OF SERVICE LIFE INDICATOR (ESLI) • A System That Warns The User Of The Approach Of The End Of Adequate Respiratory Protection; e.g., The Sorbent Is Approaching Saturation Or Is No longer Effective

  39. NEGATIVE PRESSURERESPIRATOR • A Respirator In Which The Air Pressure Inside The Facepiece Is Negative During Inhalation With Respect To The Ambient Air Pressure Outside The Respirator

  40. FILTERING FACEPIECE(Dust Mask) • A Negative Pressure Particulate Respirator With A Filter As An Integral Part of The Facepiece, Or With The Entire Facepiece Composed Of The Filtering Medium

  41. POSITIVE PRESSURERESPIRATOR • A Respirator In Which The Pressure Inside The Respiratory Inlet Covering Exceeds The Ambient Air Pressure Outside The Respirator

  42. POWERED AIR-PURIFYINGRESPIRATOR (PAPR) • An Air Purifying Respirator That Uses A Blower To Force Ambient Air Through Air-Purifying Elements To The Inlet Covering

  43. ATMOSPHERE-SUPPLYINGRESPIRATOR • A Respirator That Supplies The User With Breathing Air From A Source Independent Of The Ambient Atmosphere • Includes Supplied-Air Respirators (SARs) And Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) Units

  44. ATMOSPHERE-SUPPLYINGRESPIRATORS • Continuous Flow: Provides A Continuous Flow Of Breathing Air To The Respiratory Inlet Covering • Pressure Demand: Admits Air To The Facepiece When The Positive Pressure Inside The Facepiece Is Reduced By Inhalation

  45. SUPPLIED AIR RESPIRATOR (SAR) • An Atmosphere-Supplying Respirator For Which The Source Of Breathing Air Is Not Carried By The User • Also Called An Airline Respirator

  46. SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SCBA) • An Atmosphere-Supplying Respirator For Which The Breathing Air Is Designed To Be Carried By The User

  47. ESCAPE ONLY RESPIRATOR • A Respirator Designed And Intended To Be Used Only For Emergency Exit

  48. POSITIVE PRESSURE SEAL TEST • Block Off Exhalation Valve With Palm • Blow Outward Gently • A Good Fit Results In The Pressure Holding And No Leaks Found

  49. NEGATIVE PRESSURE SEAL TEST • Place Palms Over The Inhalation Inlets, Or Squeeze The Breathing Tube • Inhale Gently. Facepiece Should Collapse Slightly • Hold Breath For About Ten Seconds • Good Test Indicated By Pressure Holding And No Leaks Found

  50. CONTINUING RESPIRATOR EFFECTIVENESS • Maintain Constant Surveillance Of Respirator Effectiveness • Employees Must Leave The Respirator Use Area: • To Wash Face Or Facepiece • If A “Breakthrough” Is Detected • There Is A Change In Breathing Resistance • There Is Leakage Of The Facepiece • To Replace Respirator, Filter, Cartridge, Or Canister

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