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KAPITA SELEKTA PENYEDIAAN INFRASTRUKTUR

KAPITA SELEKTA PENYEDIAAN INFRASTRUKTUR. KARAKTERISTIK. COST EFFICIENCY : privately implemented and managed projects are likely to have a better record of delivering services which are cheaper and of a higher quality. EQUITY CONSIDERATIONS:

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KAPITA SELEKTA PENYEDIAAN INFRASTRUKTUR

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  1. KAPITA SELEKTA PENYEDIAAN INFRASTRUKTUR

  2. KARAKTERISTIK COST EFFICIENCY : privately implemented and managed projects are likely to have a better record of delivering services which are cheaper and of a higher quality EQUITY CONSIDERATIONS: it may be more appropriate to impose user charges which recover the cost of providing these services directly from the user rather than from the country as a whole

  3. ALLOCATION EFFICIENCY : Since users are likely to pay for services that they need the most, private participation and risk-return management has the added benefit that scarce resources are automatically directed towards those areas where the need is the greatest FISCAL PRUDENCE : the absolute and relative levels of fiscal deficit are high and that incurring higher levels of deficit to finance infrastructure projects is infeasible

  4. KARAKTERISTIK LONGER MATURITY LARGER AMOUNTS HIGHER RISK FIXED AND LOW REAL RETURNS

  5. PEMBIAYAAN PEMELIHARAAN JALAN LOKAL PEDESAAN BERBASIS PAJAK (kasus : BELANDA) PROBLEM : PEMBIAYAAN PEMELIHARAAN JALAN JAARSMA dan DIJK. 2001

  6. KARAKTERISTIK SISTEM PEMBIAYAAN NATIONAL GOVERNMENT PROBLEM: MONEY RECEIVED from NATIONAL GOV. IS NOT LABELLED PROVINCIAL FUND MUNICIPALITY FUND PROVINCIAL GOVs. MUNICIPALITIES USER CHARGE FINANCING !!! WATER MANAGEMENT BOARDS (WMB) JAARSMA dan DIJK. 2001

  7. KARAKTERISTIK …… JAARSMA dan DIJK. 2001

  8. WMBs FINANCING JAARSMA dan DIJK. 2001

  9. TAXPAYERS IN THE WMB INHABITANTS OWNERS / USERS OF PROPERTY WITH BUILDING(s) WITH LAND ONLY X % A(100-X) % (1-A) (100-X) % (100-X) % SHARE IN COST DISTRIBUTION JAARSMA dan DIJK. 2001

  10. SIX STEPS TOWARDS a FOUNDED COST DISTRIBUTION 1. DIVIDED THE LOCAL NETWORK INTO HOMOGENOUS SECTIONS 2b. DETERMINE THE MAINTENANCE OF THE REAL FACILITIES 2a. DETERMINING THE MAINTENANCE COST of ACCESS 3. DETERMINE THE COST OF “THROUGH TRAFFIC” (2b – 2a) 4. CALCULATE COST DISTRIBUTION BETWEEN “OWNERS/USERS” and “ALL INHABITANTS” (2a : 3) 5. CALCULATE COST DISTRIBUTION BETWEEN “OWNERS/USERS WITH BUILDINGS” and “OWNERS/USERS WITHOUT BUILDINGS” 6. CALCULATE THE INDIVIDUAL FEES FOR ALL CATEGORIES JAARSMA dan DIJK. 2001

  11. PENGELOLAAN AIR BERSIH BERBASIS PARTISIPASI (kasus : MALANG) ARI, et al. 2011

  12. ASPEK PENGELOLAAN BERKELANJUTAN • CLEAR DEFENITION OF MEMBERSHIP/USER OF SYSTEM • RULES FOR WHAT MEMBER RECEIVES AND IS EXPECTED TO CONTRIBUTE WITH. • POSSIBILITY FOR MEMBERS TO CHANGE RULES. • POSSIBILITY FOR MEMBERS TO CHOSE THEIR OWN SUPERVISORS/MANAGERS. • POSSIBILITY TO ISSUE SANCTIONS. • ACCESS TO LOCAL AND COST-EFFICIENT ARENAS FOR CONFLICT RESOLVING. • LEGAL SUPPORT FOR SELF-ORGANIZING MANAGEMENT. WESTLUND, 2011

  13. ARI, et al. 2011

  14. INSTRUMEN PENGENDALIAN IURAN WAJIB Rp. 2000/bln PERATURAN KEANGGOTAAN • Pelarangansambunganilegal. • Pemanfaatansesuaikebutuhankeluarga. • Monitoring pemeliharaan. • Pembayaran. • Ketenagakerjaan. • Kerjasama. ARI, et al. 2011

  15. MASDUQI, et al. 2011

  16. DAFTAR PUSTAKA ARI. 2011. INVESTIGATING on COMMUNITY BASED WATER MANAGEMENT CLUB GOODS AND COMMUNITY NETWORK. MAKALAH PADA PROSEDING WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND SOCIAL CAPITAL VOLUME 2. EDITOR : KOBAYASHI DAN JONI HERMANA JAARSMA dan DIJK. 2001. FINANCING LOCAL RURAL ROAD MAINTENANCE. WHO SHOULD PAY WHAT SHARE AND WHY? JOURNAL of TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A. MASDUQI, et al. 2011. SUSTAINABILITY MODEL of RURAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS. MAKALAH PADA PROSEDING WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND SOCIAL CAPITAL VOLUME 2. EDITOR : KOBAYASHI DAN JONI HERMANA WESTLUND. 2011. SOCIAL CAPITAL AND GOVERNANCE FOR EFFICIENT WATER MANAGEMENT. MAKALAH PADA PROSEDING WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND SOCIAL CAPITAL VOLUME 2. EDITOR : KOBAYASHI DAN JONI HERMANA

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