1. The Rise of Organized Labor Railroad strike 1877 Haymarket Riot 1886 Homestead Strike 1892 Pullman railway-car strike 1894

2. 1877 Railroad Strike • Railroad workers were forced to take pay cuts so they went on strike • Strikers burned rail yards, ripped up track, and destroyed property. • Strikebreakers replaced striking workers. • Federal troops were called in to restore order.

3. Haymarket Riot 1886 • Workers from the McCormick Harvester Company protested the killings of four strikers. • A bomb killed a police officer and several others during a riot. • Some Americans begin to associate labor unions with violence and disorder.

4. Homestead Strike 1892 • At Carnegie’s steel plant in Homestead, PA, workers went on strike because of wage cuts. • The company brought in nonunion workers and hired 300 armed guards to protect them. A battle breaks out and at least ten people are killed. • State militia were sent to restore order • The strike was a failure because the plant reopened with nonunion workers.

5. Pullman railway-car strike 1894 • Workers went on strike because of wage cuts. • Pullman closed the plant. Strike disrupts rail traffic. • Because of the strike, American Railway Union refused to handle Pullman cars. • An injunction, or court order, is issued to stop the obstruction of the mail. • Eugene V. Debs, the leader of the unions, went to jail because he refused to end the strike. Federal troops are called in to end the strike.